feat(files+gb): file browser launches .gb via GameBoy, preserve mDNS

lvgl-module/symbols.c:
- canvas: full LVGL9 docs API (get_buf, get_image, get_px, get_draw_buf,
  set_palette, copy_buf, init_layer, finish_layer, buf_size) – was only 5 symbols
- draw_buf: create/destroy/init/dup/copy/goto/clear/width_to_stride/align/palette/from_image/to_image
- cache: lv_draw_buf_invalidate_cache, flush_cache, lv_image_cache_drop – critical bugfix for
  GameBoy (and any direct framebuffer) where raw buf mutated but image cache stale -> FPS but no image.
- draw layer helpers, image scale/rotation/pivot/offset, transform scales for GB 2x/3x integer scaling

Reason blank screen: lv_canvas in LVGL9 is lv_image backed by draw_buf. Mutating raw pointer
without lv_image_cache_drop + invalidate_cache leaves stale texture. Timer was calling
lv_obj_invalidate only. Now exports needed symbols and app fixed to drop cache each frame.

mDNS (preserve from local WIP, sits on top of 60764979 'kidsOS-XXXX' mdns init):
- Tactility/network/Mdns.h/cpp: C++ browse + resolveHostname wrappers around esp-idf mdns 1.3.2
  (PTR query, txt records, address extraction, POSIX stub)
- TactilityC/tt_mdns.h/cpp: C copy-based API for ELF apps (TT_MDNS_MAX_RESULTS 32,
  capped addresses/txt, hostname->IP resolve)
- TactilityC/tt_init.cpp: export tt_mdns_is_available / browse / resolve_hostname symbols

Test plan:
- firmware build for es3c28p --dev
- release-sdk-current.py
- GameBoy app build against new SDK (0 missing symbols expected)
- push both branches to personal gitea

Devices/btt-panda-touch/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
-Module btt_panda_touch_module = {
-    .name = "btt-panda-touch"
+struct Module btt_panda_touch_module = {
+    .name = "btt-panda-touch",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/cyd-2432s024c/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module cyd_2432s024c_module = {
     .name = "cyd-2432s024c",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/cyd-2432s024r/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
-Module cyd_2432s024r_module = {
-    .name = "cyd-2432s024r"
+struct Module cyd_2432s024r_module = {
+    .name = "cyd-2432s024r",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/cyd-2432s028r/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
-Module cyd_2432s028r_module = {
-    .name = "cyd-2432s028r"
+struct Module cyd_2432s028r_module = {
+    .name = "cyd-2432s028r",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/cyd-2432s028rv3/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
-Module cyd_2432s028rv3_module = {
-    .name = "cyd-2432s028rv3"
+struct Module cyd_2432s028rv3_module = {
+    .name = "cyd-2432s028rv3",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/cyd-2432s032c/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module cyd_2432s032c_module = {
-    .name = "cyd-2432s032c"
+    .name = "cyd-2432s032c",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/cyd-3248s035c/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module cyd_3248s035c_module = {
-    .name = "cyd-3248s035c"
+    .name = "cyd-3248s035c",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/cyd-4848s040c/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module cyd_4848s040c_module = {
-    .name = "cyd-4848s040c"
+    .name = "cyd-4848s040c",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/cyd-8048s043c/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module cyd_8048s043c_module = {
-    .name = "cyd-8048s043c"
+    .name = "cyd-8048s043c",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/cyd-e32r28t/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module cyd_e32r28t_module = {
-    .name = "cyd-e32r28t"
+    .name = "cyd-e32r28t",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/cyd-e32r32p/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module cyd_e32r32p_module = {
-    .name = "cyd-e32r32p"
+    .name = "cyd-e32r32p",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/elecrow-crowpanel-advance-28/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module elecrow_crowpanel_advance_28_module = {
-    .name = "elecrow-crowpanel-advance-28"
+    .name = "elecrow-crowpanel-advance-28",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/elecrow-crowpanel-advance-35/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module elecrow_crowpanel_advance_35_module = {
-    .name = "elecrow-crowpanel-advance-35"
+    .name = "elecrow-crowpanel-advance-35",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/elecrow-crowpanel-advance-50/elecrow,crowpanel-advance-50.dts

@@ -86,7 +86,9 @@
 		vsync-back-porch = <8>;
 		vsync-front-porch = <8>;
 		pclk-active-neg;
-		bounce-buffer-size-px = <4000>;
+		num-fbs = <2>;
+		double-fb;
+		bounce-buffer-size-px = <8000>;
 		pin-hsync = <&gpio0 40 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
 		pin-vsync = <&gpio0 41 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
 		pin-de = <&gpio0 42 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;

Devices/elecrow-crowpanel-advance-50/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module elecrow_crowpanel_advance_50_module = {
-    .name = "elecrow-crowpanel-advance-50"
+    .name = "elecrow-crowpanel-advance-50",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/elecrow-crowpanel-basic-28/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module elecrow_crowpanel_basic_28_module = {
-    .name = "elecrow-crowpanel-basic-28"
+    .name = "elecrow-crowpanel-basic-28",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/elecrow-crowpanel-basic-35/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module elecrow_crowpanel_basic_35_module = {
-    .name = "elecrow-crowpanel-basic-35"
+    .name = "elecrow-crowpanel-basic-35",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/elecrow-crowpanel-basic-50/elecrow,crowpanel-basic-50.dts

@@ -89,7 +89,9 @@
 		vsync-back-porch = <12>;
 		vsync-front-porch = <8>;
 		pclk-active-neg;
-		bounce-buffer-size-px = <4000>;
+		num-fbs = <2>;
+		double-fb;
+		bounce-buffer-size-px = <8000>;
 		pin-hsync = <&gpio0 39 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
 		pin-vsync = <&gpio0 41 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
 		pin-de = <&gpio0 40 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;

Devices/elecrow-crowpanel-basic-50/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module elecrow_crowpanel_basic_50_module = {
-    .name = "elecrow-crowpanel-basic-50"
+    .name = "elecrow-crowpanel-basic-50",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/es3c28p/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module es3c28p_module = {
-    .name = "es3c28p"
+    .name = "es3c28p",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/es3c35p/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-idf_component_register(
-    SRCS "source/module.cpp"
-    REQUIRES TactilityKernel
-)

Devices/es3c35p/device.properties

@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-general.vendor=LCDWIKI/Hosyond
-general.name=ES3C35P
-
-apps.launcherAppId=Launcher
-
-hardware.target=ESP32S3
-hardware.flashSize=16MB
-hardware.spiRam=true
-hardware.spiRamMode=OCT
-hardware.spiRamSpeed=80M
-hardware.esptoolFlashFreq=80M
-hardware.tinyUsb=true
-hardware.bluetooth=true
-
-display.size=3.5"
-display.shape=rectangle
-display.dpi=165
-
-lvgl.colorDepth=16
-
-storage.userDataLocation=SD
-
-dependencies.useDeprecatedHal=false

Devices/es3c35p/devicetree.yaml

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-dependencies:
-  - Platforms/platform-esp32
-  - Drivers/st77922-module
-  - Drivers/es8311-module
-  - Drivers/audio-stream-module
-dts: es3c35p.dts

Devices/es3c35p/es3c35p.dts

@@ -1,143 +0,0 @@
-/dts-v1/;
-
-#include <tactility/bindings/root.h>
-#include <tactility/bindings/esp32_adc_oneshot.h>
-#include <tactility/bindings/esp32_ble.h>
-#include <tactility/bindings/esp32_gpio.h>
-#include <tactility/bindings/esp32_i2c.h>
-#include <tactility/bindings/esp32_i2s.h>
-#include <tactility/bindings/esp32_pwm_ledc.h>
-#include <tactility/bindings/esp32_sdmmc.h>
-#include <tactility/bindings/esp32_spi.h>
-#include <tactility/bindings/esp32_wifi_pinned.h>
-#include <tactility/bindings/battery_sense.h>
-#include <tactility/bindings/gpio_hog.h>
-#include <tactility/bindings/pwm_backlight.h>
-#include <bindings/st77922.h>
-#include <bindings/st77922_touch.h>
-#include <bindings/es8311.h>
-
-/ {
-	compatible = "root";
-	model = "LCDWIKI/Hosyond ES3C35P";
-
-	wifi0 {
-		compatible = "espressif,esp32-wifi-pinned";
-		status = "disabled";
-	};
-
-	ble0 {
-		compatible = "espressif,esp32-ble";
-		status = "disabled";
-	};
-
-	gpio0 {
-		compatible = "espressif,esp32-gpio";
-		gpio-count = <49>;
-	};
-
-	/* FM8002E speaker amplifier enable, active-low on GPIO1. */
-	amp_enable {
-		compatible = "gpio-hog";
-		pin = <&gpio0 1 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		mode = <GPIO_HOG_MODE_OUTPUT_LOW>;
-	};
-
-	adc0 {
-		compatible = "espressif,esp32-adc-oneshot";
-		unit-id = <ADC_UNIT_1>;
-		clk-src = <ADC_RTC_CLK_SRC_DEFAULT>;
-		channels = <ADC_CHANNEL_7 ADC_ATTEN_DB_12 ADC_BITWIDTH_DEFAULT>;
-	};
-
-	/* BAT+ through a 200K/200K divider into GPIO8 / ADC1_CH7. */
-	battery-sense {
-		compatible = "battery-sense";
-		io-channel = <&adc0 0>;
-		reference-voltage-mv = <3300>;
-		multiplier = <2000>;
-	};
-
-	i2s0 {
-		compatible = "espressif,esp32-i2s";
-		port = <I2S_NUM_0>;
-		pin-bclk = <&gpio0 18 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		pin-ws = <&gpio0 21 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		pin-data-out = <&gpio0 15 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		pin-data-in = <&gpio0 16 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		pin-mclk = <&gpio0 17 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-	};
-
-	i2c0 {
-		compatible = "espressif,esp32-i2c";
-		port = <I2C_NUM_0>;
-		clock-frequency = <400000>;
-		pin-sda = <&gpio0 38 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		pin-scl = <&gpio0 39 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-
-		touch@55 {
-			compatible = "sitronix,st77922-touch";
-			reg = <0x55>;
-			x-max = <320>;
-			y-max = <480>;
-			pin-reset = <&gpio0 48 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-			pin-interrupt = <&gpio0 47 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		};
-
-		es8311: es8311@18 {
-			compatible = "everest,es8311";
-			reg = <0x18>;
-			i2s = <&i2s0>;
-		};
-	};
-
-	display_backlight_pwm {
-		compatible = "espressif,esp32-pwm-ledc";
-		pin = <&gpio0 41 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		period-ns = <200000>;
-		ledc-timer = <0>;
-		ledc-channel = <0>;
-	};
-
-	display_backlight {
-		compatible = "pwm-backlight";
-		status = "disabled";
-		pwm = <&display_backlight_pwm>;
-	};
-
-	spi0 {
-		compatible = "espressif,esp32-spi";
-		host = <SPI2_HOST>;
-		pin-sclk = <&gpio0 12 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		pin-mosi = <&gpio0 11 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		pin-miso = <&gpio0 13 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		pin-wp = <&gpio0 14 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		pin-hd = <&gpio0 9 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		cs-gpios = <&gpio0 10 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		/* Accommodate the driver's 1/10-frame DMA staging transfers, matching
-		 * the vendor LVGL port's full-frame refresh path. */
-		max-transfer-size = <65536>;
-
-		display@0 {
-			compatible = "sitronix,st77922";
-			horizontal-resolution = <320>;
-			vertical-resolution = <480>;
-			/* 80 MHz works in the vendor demo, but produces visible QSPI corruption on
-			 * some modules/cables. The component's 40 MHz default is reliably clean. */
-			pixel-clock-hz = <40000000>;
-			backlight = <&display_backlight>;
-		};
-	};
-
-	sdmmc0 {
-		compatible = "espressif,esp32-sdmmc";
-		pin-clk = <&gpio0 5 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		pin-cmd = <&gpio0 4 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		pin-d0 = <&gpio0 6 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		pin-d1 = <&gpio0 7 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		pin-d2 = <&gpio0 2 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		pin-d3 = <&gpio0 3 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		slot = <SDMMC_HOST_SLOT_1>;
-		bus-width = <4>;
-	};
-};

Devices/es3c35p/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-#include <tactility/module.h>
-
-extern "C" {
-
-Module es3c35p_module = {
-    .name = "es3c35p"
-};
-
-}

Devices/generic-esp32/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module generic_esp32_module = {
-    .name = "generic-esp32"
+    .name = "generic-esp32",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/generic-esp32c6/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module generic_esp32c6_module = {
-    .name = "generic-esp32c6"
+    .name = "generic-esp32c6",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/generic-esp32p4/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module generic_esp32p4_module = {
-    .name = "generic-esp32p4"
+    .name = "generic-esp32p4",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/generic-esp32s3/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module generic_esp32s3_module = {
-    .name = "generic-esp32s3"
+    .name = "generic-esp32s3",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/guition-jc1060p470ciwy/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module guition_jc1060p470ciwy_module = {
-    .name = "guition-jc1060p470ciwy"
+    .name = "guition-jc1060p470ciwy",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/guition-jc2432w328c/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module guition_jc2432w328c_module = {
-    .name = "guition-jc2432w328c"
+    .name = "guition-jc2432w328c",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/guition-jc8048w550c/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module guition_jc8048w550c_module = {
-    .name = "guition-jc8048w550c"
+    .name = "guition-jc8048w550c",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/heltec-wifi-lora-32-v3/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module heltec_wifi_lora_32_v3_module = {
-    .name = "heltec-wifi-lora-32-v3"
+    .name = "heltec-wifi-lora-32-v3",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/lilygo-tdeck-max/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ file(GLOB_RECURSE SOURCE_FILES source/*.c*)
 idf_component_register(
     SRCS ${SOURCE_FILES}
     INCLUDE_DIRS "source"
-    REQUIRES TactilityKernel
+    REQUIRES Tactility GDEQ031T10 driver
 )

Devices/lilygo-tdeck-max/device.properties

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 general.vendor=LilyGO
 general.name=T-Deck Max
-# SD card support is not yet working, display driver is untested since refactoring; remove once it is functional.
+# SD card support is not yet working; remove once it is functional.
 general.incubating=true
 
 apps.launcherAppId=Launcher
@@ -18,17 +18,14 @@ hardware.bluetooth=true
 # Internal until the SD card is verified working on this board; switch to SD then.
 storage.userDataLocation=Internal
 
-dependencies.useDeprecatedHal=false
-
 display.size=3.1"
 display.shape=rectangle
 display.dpi=128
 
-lvgl.colorDepth=8
+# The GDEQ031T10 e-paper is monochrome, but its driver renders via
+# LV_COLOR_FORMAT_I1 on its own display. The global LVGL color depth must stay
+# at 16: esp_lvgl_port refuses to compile with LV_COLOR_DEPTH_1 set.
+lvgl.colorDepth=16
 # Monochrome theme: the default colour theme renders accent-coloured UI that
 # thresholds to invisible on a 1bpp panel (enables CONFIG_LV_USE_THEME_MONO).
 lvgl.theme=Mono
-
-cdn.warningMessage=Display not reliably working. Use at your own risk.
-
-sdkconfig.CONFIG_LV_THEME_DEFAULT_TRANSITION_TIME=0

Devices/lilygo-tdeck-max/devicetree.yaml

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ dependencies:
   - Platforms/platform-esp32
   - Drivers/xl9555-module
   - Drivers/cst66xx-module
-  - Drivers/gdeq031t10-module
   - Drivers/tca8418-module
   - Drivers/sy6970-module
   - Drivers/bq27220-module

Devices/lilygo-tdeck-max/lilygo,tdeck-max.dts

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
 #include <tactility/bindings/pwm_backlight.h>
 #include <bindings/xl9555.h>
 #include <bindings/cst66xx.h>
-#include <bindings/gdeq031t10.h>
 #include <bindings/tca8418.h>
 #include <bindings/sy6970.h>
 #include <bindings/bq27220.h>
@@ -144,17 +143,6 @@
 		// exceeds the default ~4 KB transfer limit. Raise the bus limit to fit it.
 		max-transfer-size = <65536>;
 
-		display@0 {
-			compatible = "gooddisplay,gdeq031t10";
-			pin-dc = <&gpio0 35 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-			pin-reset = <&gpio0 9 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-			pin-busy = <&gpio0 37 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-			clock-speed-hz = <10000000>;
-			// Default to a fast (~1s) refresh for the automatic ghost-clears so the
-			// full-screen flash they cause is as short as possible.
-			refresh-mode = <GDEQ031T10_REFRESH_FAST>;
-		};
-
 		sdcard@1 {
 			compatible = "espressif,esp32-sdspi";
 			status = "disabled";

Devices/lilygo-tdeck-max/source/Configuration.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#include "devices/Display.h"
+
+#include <Tactility/hal/Configuration.h>
+#include <tactility/check.h>
+#include <tactility/device.h>
+#include <tactility/drivers/esp32_spi.h>
+
+using namespace tt::hal;
+
+static bool initBoot() {
+    // The LoRa and SD chip-selects share the EPD's SPI bus but aren't wired up
+    // yet. spi0's start() already drives every cs-gpio high during kernel init;
+    // re-assert deselection before the EPD driver first transacts, as a cheap
+    // guard against either chip latching stray EPD command bytes (same pattern
+    // as the esp32_sdspi mount path).
+    auto* spi0 = device_find_by_name("spi0");
+    check(spi0 != nullptr);
+    esp32_spi_deselect_all_cs(spi0);
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+static DeviceVector createDevices() {
+    // Touch, keyboard and battery/charging are kernel drivers (cst66xx, tca8418, sy6970,
+    // bq27220 - see the .dts), started independently of this HAL layer. Only the EPD
+    // display remains on the deprecated HAL.
+    return DeviceVector {
+        createDisplay()
+    };
+}
+
+extern const Configuration hardwareConfiguration = {
+    .initBoot = initBoot,
+    .createDevices = createDevices
+};

Devices/lilygo-tdeck-max/source/devices/Display.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#include "Display.h"
+
+#include <Gdeq031t10Display.h>
+
+// Pins from Xinyuan-LilyGO/T-Deck-MAX's lib/TDeckMaxBoard/src/TDeckMaxBoard.h and docs/pinmap.md.
+constexpr auto EPD_SPI_HOST = SPI2_HOST;
+constexpr auto EPD_PIN_CS = GPIO_NUM_34;
+constexpr auto EPD_PIN_DC = GPIO_NUM_35;
+constexpr auto EPD_PIN_RST = GPIO_NUM_9;
+constexpr auto EPD_PIN_BUSY = GPIO_NUM_37;
+
+std::shared_ptr<tt::hal::display::DisplayDevice> createDisplay() {
+    // Touch is a kernel driver (hynitron,cst66xx - see the .dts), discovered and fed to LVGL
+    // independently of this display, so no touch device is passed into the configuration here.
+    auto configuration = std::make_unique<Gdeq031t10Display::Configuration>(
+        EPD_SPI_HOST,
+        EPD_PIN_CS,
+        EPD_PIN_DC,
+        EPD_PIN_RST,
+        EPD_PIN_BUSY,
+        nullptr,
+        10'000'000,
+        // Default to a fast (~1s) refresh for the automatic ghost-clears so the
+        // full-screen flash they cause is as short as possible.
+        Gdeq031t10Display::RefreshMode::Fast
+    );
+
+    return std::make_shared<Gdeq031t10Display>(std::move(configuration));
+}

Devices/lilygo-tdeck-max/source/devices/Display.h

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <Tactility/hal/display/DisplayDevice.h>
+
+std::shared_ptr<tt::hal::display::DisplayDevice> createDisplay();

Devices/lilygo-tdeck-max/source/module.cpp

@@ -2,8 +2,22 @@
 
 extern "C" {
 
-Module lilygo_tdeck_max_module = {
-    .name = "lilygo-tdeck-max"
+static error_t start() {
+    // Empty for now
+    return ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
+static error_t stop() {
+    // Empty for now
+    return ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
+struct Module lilygo_tdeck_max_module = {
+    .name = "lilygo-tdeck-max",
+    .start = start,
+    .stop = stop,
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/lilygo-tdeck-plus/device.properties

@@ -12,8 +12,6 @@ hardware.tinyUsb=true
 hardware.esptoolFlashFreq=120M
 hardware.bluetooth=true
 
-dependencies.useDeprecatedHal=false
-
 storage.userDataLocation=SD
 
 display.size=2.8"

Devices/lilygo-tdeck-plus/source/module.cpp

@@ -19,6 +19,9 @@
 
 constexpr auto* TAG = "tdeck-plus";
 
+// Legacy placeholder (required until legacy HAL is cleaned up everywhere)
+extern const tt::hal::Configuration hardwareConfiguration = {};
+
 extern "C" {
 
 void subscribe_events() {

Devices/lilygo-tdeck-pro/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-file(GLOB_RECURSE SOURCE_FILES source/*.c*)
-
-idf_component_register(
-    SRCS ${SOURCE_FILES}
-    INCLUDE_DIRS "source"
-    REQUIRES TactilityKernel
-)

Devices/lilygo-tdeck-pro/device.properties

@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
-general.vendor=LilyGO
-general.name=T-Deck Pro
-# The display driver is not reliable yet
-general.incubating=true
-
-apps.launcherAppId=Launcher
-
-hardware.target=ESP32S3
-hardware.flashSize=16MB
-hardware.flashMode=DIO
-hardware.spiRam=true
-hardware.spiRamMode=AUTO
-hardware.spiRamSpeed=80M
-hardware.tinyUsb=true
-hardware.esptoolFlashFreq=80M
-hardware.bluetooth=true
-
-storage.userDataLocation=SD
-
-dependencies.useDeprecatedHal=false
-
-display.size=3.1"
-display.shape=rectangle
-display.dpi=128
-
-lvgl.colorDepth=8
-# Monochrome theme: the default colour theme renders accent-coloured UI that
-# thresholds to invisible on a 1bpp panel (enables CONFIG_LV_USE_THEME_MONO).
-lvgl.theme=Mono
-
-cdn.warningMessage=Only for hardware revision 1.0! Display not reliably working. Use at your own risk.
-
-sdkconfig.CONFIG_LV_THEME_DEFAULT_TRANSITION_TIME=0

Devices/lilygo-tdeck-pro/devicetree.yaml

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-dependencies:
-  - Platforms/platform-esp32
-  - Drivers/cst328-module
-  - Drivers/gdeq031t10-module
-  - Drivers/tca8418-module
-  - Drivers/sy6970-module
-  - Drivers/bq25896-module
-dts: lilygo,tdeck-pro.dts

Devices/lilygo-tdeck-pro/lilygo,tdeck-pro.dts

@@ -1,138 +0,0 @@
-/dts-v1/;
-
-#include <tactility/bindings/root.h>
-#include <tactility/bindings/esp32_ble.h>
-#include <tactility/bindings/esp32_wifi_pinned.h>
-#include <tactility/bindings/esp32_gpio.h>
-#include <tactility/bindings/esp32_i2c_master.h>
-#include <tactility/bindings/esp32_spi.h>
-#include <tactility/bindings/esp32_sdspi.h>
-#include <tactility/bindings/esp32_pwm_ledc.h>
-#include <tactility/bindings/pwm_backlight.h>
-#include <bindings/cst328.h>
-#include <bindings/gdeq031t10.h>
-#include <bindings/tca8418.h>
-#include <bindings/bq25896.h>
-
-// Reference for V1.0 (not V1.1!): https://github.com/Xinyuan-LilyGO/T-Deck-Pro/tree/HD-V1-250326
-// lib/TDeckMaxBoard/src/TDeckMaxBoard.h, docs/pinmap.md
-/ {
-	compatible = "root";
-	model = "LilyGO T-Deck Pro";
-
-	wifi0 {
-		compatible = "espressif,esp32-wifi-pinned";
-		status = "disabled";
-	};
-
-	ble0 {
-		compatible = "espressif,esp32-ble";
-	};
-
-	gpio0 {
-		compatible = "espressif,esp32-gpio";
-		gpio-count = <49>;
-	};
-
-	i2c0 {
-		compatible = "espressif,esp32-i2c-master";
-		port = <I2C_NUM_0>;
-		clock-frequency = <100000>;
-		pin-sda = <&gpio0 13 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		pin-scl = <&gpio0 14 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-
-		touch {
-			compatible = "hynitron,cst328";
-			reg = <0x1A>;
-			pin-reset = <&gpio0 45 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		};
-
-		// TCA8418 4x10 matrix scanner. Keymaps are written in the vendor's row/column
-		// orientation (Xinyuan-LilyGO/T-Deck-MAX examples/factory/peri_keypad.cpp); the
-		// TCA8418 columns are wired in reverse of that order, hence reverse-columns.
-		// ALT (shift/uppercase) is row 2 col 0; SYM (symbol layer) is row 3 col 8.
-		keyboard {
-			compatible = "ti,tca8418";
-			reg = <0x34>;
-			rows = <4>;
-			columns = <10>;
-			reverse-columns;
-			keymap-lc = [
-				113 119 101 114 116 121 117 105 111 112 // q w e r t y u i o p
-				97 115 100 102 103 104 106 107 108 8    // a s d f g h j k l BACKSPACE
-				0 122 120 99 118 98 110 109 36 10       //   z x c v b n m $ ENTER
-				0 0 0 0 0 11 48 32 0 9                  //         PREV 0 SPC   NEXT
-			];
-			keymap-uc = [
-				81 87 69 82 84 89 85 73 79 80 // Q W E R T Y U I O P
-				65 83 68 70 71 72 74 75 76 8  // A S D F G H J K L BACKSPACE
-				0 90 88 67 86 66 78 77 36 10  //   Z X C V B N M $ ENTER
-				0 0 0 0 0 11 48 32 0 9        //         PREV 0 SPC   NEXT
-			];
-			keymap-sy = [
-				49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 48 // 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
-				64 35 43 45 42 47 40 41 95 8  // @ # + - * / ( ) _ BACKSPACE
-				0 33 63 59 58 39 34 44 46 10  //   ! ? ; : ' " , . ENTER
-				0 0 0 0 0 11 48 32 0 9        //         PREV 0 SPC   NEXT
-			];
-			shift-row = <2>;
-			shift-col = <0>;
-			sym-row = <3>;
-			sym-col = <8>;
-		};
-
-		bq27220 {
-			compatible = "ti,bq25896";
-			reg = <0x6B>;
-		};
-	};
-
-	// Keyboard backlight (LED_PWM), GPIO42. The keypress-triggered flash/decay effect
-	// from the pre-migration driver isn't reproduced here - kernel drivers don't have a
-	// home for that kind of UI policy (same reasoning as the touch driver's dropped bezel
-	// keys). Off by default; app code can drive brightness via the generic pwm-backlight
-	// API if desired.
-	keyboard_backlight_pwm {
-		compatible = "espressif,esp32-pwm-ledc";
-		pin = <&gpio0 42 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		period-ns = <33333>;
-		ledc-timer = <0>;
-		ledc-channel = <0>;
-	};
-
-	keyboard_backlight {
-		compatible = "pwm-backlight";
-		status = "disabled";
-		pwm = <&keyboard_backlight_pwm>;
-	};
-
-	spi0 {
-		compatible = "espressif,esp32-spi";
-		host = <SPI2_HOST>;
-		cs-gpios = <&gpio0 34 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>, // 0: EPD display
-		           <&gpio0 48 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>, // 1: SD card
-		           <&gpio0 3 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;  // 2: LoRa radio (SX1262, not wired up yet)
-		pin-mosi = <&gpio0 33 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		pin-miso = <&gpio0 47 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		pin-sclk = <&gpio0 36 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		// The EPD pushes its whole 9600-byte framebuffer in one SPI write, which
-		// exceeds the default ~4 KB transfer limit. Raise the bus limit to fit it.
-		max-transfer-size = <65536>;
-
-		display@0 {
-			compatible = "gooddisplay,gdeq031t10";
-			pin-dc = <&gpio0 35 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-			pin-busy = <&gpio0 37 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-			clock-speed-hz = <10000000>;
-			// Default to a fast (~1s) refresh for the automatic ghost-clears so the
-			// full-screen flash they cause is as short as possible.
-			refresh-mode = <GDEQ031T10_REFRESH_FAST>;
-		};
-
-		sdcard@1 {
-			compatible = "espressif,esp32-sdspi";
-			status = "disabled";
-			frequency-khz = <20000>;
-		};
-	};
-};

Devices/lilygo-tdeck-pro/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-#include <tactility/module.h>
-
-extern "C" {
-
-struct Module lilygo_tdeck_pro_module = {
-    .name = "lilygo-tdeck-pro"
-};
-
-}

Devices/lilygo-tdeck/device.properties

@@ -12,8 +12,6 @@ hardware.tinyUsb=true
 hardware.esptoolFlashFreq=120M
 hardware.bluetooth=true
 
-dependencies.useDeprecatedHal=false
-
 storage.userDataLocation=SD
 
 display.size=2.8"

Devices/lilygo-tdeck/source/module.cpp

@@ -18,6 +18,9 @@
 
 constexpr auto* TAG = "tdeck";
 
+// Legacy placeholder (required until legacy HAL is cleaned up everywhere)
+extern const tt::hal::Configuration hardwareConfiguration = {};
+
 extern "C" {
 
 void subscribe_events() {
@@ -60,7 +63,9 @@ static error_t stop() {
 Module lilygo_tdeck_module = {
     .name = "lilygo-tdeck",
     .start = start,
-    .stop = stop
+    .stop = stop,
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/lilygo-tdisplay-s3/source/module.cpp

@@ -30,17 +30,16 @@ static error_t start() {
 }
 
 static error_t stop() {
-    if (gpio_set_level(POWER_ON_PIN, 0) != ESP_OK) {
-        return ERROR_RESOURCE;
-    }
-
+    // Empty for now
     return ERROR_NONE;
 }
 
-Module lilygo_tdisplay_s3_module = {
+struct Module lilygo_tdisplay_s3_module = {
     .name = "lilygo-tdisplay-s3",
     .start = start,
-    .stop = stop
+    .stop = stop,
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/lilygo-tdisplay/source/module.cpp

@@ -2,8 +2,22 @@
 
 extern "C" {
 
-Module lilygo_tdisplay_module = {
-    .name = "lilygo-tdisplay"
+static error_t start() {
+    // Empty for now
+    return ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
+static error_t stop() {
+    // Empty for now
+    return ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
+struct Module lilygo_tdisplay_module = {
+    .name = "lilygo-tdisplay",
+    .start = start,
+    .stop = stop,
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/lilygo-tdongle-s3/source/module.cpp

@@ -2,8 +2,22 @@
 
 extern "C" {
 
-Module lilygo_tdongle_s3_module = {
-    .name = "lilygo-tdongle-s3"
+static error_t start() {
+    // Empty for now
+    return ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
+static error_t stop() {
+    // Empty for now
+    return ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
+struct Module lilygo_tdongle_s3_module = {
+    .name = "lilygo-tdongle-s3",
+    .start = start,
+    .stop = stop,
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/lilygo-thmi/source/module.cpp

@@ -2,8 +2,22 @@
 
 extern "C" {
 
-Module lilygo_thmi_module = {
-    .name = "lilygo-thmi"
+static error_t start() {
+    // Empty for now
+    return ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
+static error_t stop() {
+    // Empty for now
+    return ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
+struct Module lilygo_thmi_module = {
+    .name = "lilygo-thmi",
+    .start = start,
+    .stop = stop,
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/lilygo-tlora-pager/device.properties

@@ -13,8 +13,6 @@ hardware.tinyUsb=true
 hardware.esptoolFlashFreq=40M
 hardware.bluetooth=true
 
-dependencies.useDeprecatedHal=false
-
 storage.userDataLocation=SD
 
 display.size=2.33"

Devices/lilygo-tlora-pager/source/module.cpp

@@ -15,15 +15,18 @@
 
 constexpr auto* TAG = "T-Lora Pager";
 
+// Legacy placeholder (required until legacy HAL is cleaned up everywhere). All board
+// peripherals are kernel drivers now (see the .dts): display (st7796), battery (bq27220),
+// charger power-off (bq25896), haptics (drv2605), keyboard (tca8418) and the encoder wheel
+// (lilygo,tpager-encoder, bound to LVGL below).
+extern const tt::hal::Configuration hardwareConfiguration = {};
+
 extern "C" {
 
-tt::kernel::SystemEventSubscription event_subscription;
-
-static error_t start() {
-
+static void subscribe_events() {
     LOG_I(TAG, LOG_MESSAGE_POWER_ON_START);
 
-    event_subscription = tt::kernel::subscribeSystemEvent(tt::kernel::SystemEvent::BootSplash, [](tt::kernel::SystemEvent) {
+    tt::kernel::subscribeSystemEvent(tt::kernel::SystemEvent::BootSplash, [](tt::kernel::SystemEvent) {
         // The kernel tpager_encoder device is already started by kernel_init(); this just
         // registers it as an LVGL input device, which requires LVGL to be up first.
         lvgl_lock();
@@ -47,18 +50,23 @@ static error_t start() {
             }
         }
     });
+}
+
+static error_t start() {
+    subscribe_events();
     return ERROR_NONE;
 }
 
 static error_t stop() {
-    tt::kernel::unsubscribeSystemEvent(event_subscription);
     return ERROR_NONE;
 }
 
-Module lilygo_tlora_pager_module = {
+struct Module lilygo_tlora_pager_module = {
     .name = "lilygo-tlora-pager",
     .start = start,
-    .stop = stop
+    .stop = stop,
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/m5stack-cardputer-adv/source/module.cpp

@@ -2,8 +2,22 @@
 
 extern "C" {
 
-Module m5stack_cardputer_adv_module = {
-    .name = "m5stack-cardputer-adv"
+static error_t start() {
+    // Empty for now
+    return ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
+static error_t stop() {
+    // Empty for now
+    return ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
+struct Module m5stack_cardputer_adv_module = {
+    .name = "m5stack-cardputer-adv",
+    .start = start,
+    .stop = stop,
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/m5stack-cardputer/source/module.cpp

@@ -2,8 +2,22 @@
 
 extern "C" {
 
+static error_t start() {
+    // Empty for now
+    return ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
+static error_t stop() {
+    // Empty for now
+    return ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
 Module m5stack_cardputer_module = {
-    .name = "m5stack-cardputer"
+    .name = "m5stack-cardputer",
+    .start = start,
+    .stop = stop,
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/m5stack-core2/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -2,5 +2,5 @@ file(GLOB_RECURSE SOURCE_FILES source/*.c*)
 
 idf_component_register(
     SRCS ${SOURCE_FILES}
-    REQUIRES TactilityKernel
+    REQUIRES TactilityKernel axp192-module
 )

Devices/m5stack-core2/device.properties

@@ -21,5 +21,3 @@ display.dpi=200
 cdn.warningMessage=This board implementation concerns the original Core2 hardware and **not** the v1.1 variant
 
 lvgl.colorDepth=16
-
-sdkconfig.CONFIG_CODEC_DUMMY_SUPPORT=y

Devices/m5stack-core2/devicetree.yaml

@@ -1,11 +1,8 @@
 dependencies:
 - Platforms/platform-esp32
-- Drivers/audio-stream-module
-- Drivers/pdm-mic-module
-- Drivers/dummy-i2s-amp-module
 - Drivers/mpu6886-module
 - Drivers/bm8563-module
 - Drivers/axp192-module
-- Drivers/ft5x06-module
+- Drivers/ft6x36-module
 - Drivers/ili9341-module
 dts: m5stack,core2.dts

Devices/m5stack-core2/m5stack,core2.dts

@@ -6,16 +6,14 @@
 #include <tactility/bindings/esp32_grove.h>
 #include <tactility/bindings/esp32_i2c.h>
 #include <tactility/bindings/esp32_i2s.h>
-#include <tactility/bindings/esp32_sdspi.h>
 #include <tactility/bindings/esp32_spi.h>
 #include <tactility/bindings/esp32_uart.h>
 #include <bindings/mpu6886.h>
 #include <bindings/bm8563.h>
 #include <bindings/axp192.h>
-#include <bindings/ft5x06.h>
+#include <bindings/ft6x36.h>
 #include <bindings/ili9341.h>
-#include <bindings/dummy_i2s_amp.h>
-#include <bindings/pdm_mic.h>
+#include <tactility/bindings/esp32_sdspi.h>
 
 // Reference: https://docs.m5stack.com/en/core/Core2
 / {
@@ -52,23 +50,10 @@
 		axp192 {
 			compatible = "x-powers,axp192";
 			reg = <0x34>;
-			dcdc1-enable; // ESP32 + peripherals main 3V3 rail - must stay on
-			dcdc1-voltage = <3300>;
-			dcdc3-enable; // LCD backlight
-			dcdc3-voltage = <3300>;
-			ldo2-enable; // LCD logic + SD card
-			ldo2-voltage = <3300>;
-			// ldo3 (vibration motor) intentionally left disabled
-			exten-enable; // 5V boost (speaker amp etc.)
-			gpio1-pwm; // GPIO1 as PWM1 output, drives the notification LED
-			gpio1-pwm1-duty-cycle = <255>; // 255 = LED off
 		};
 
-		// FT6x36 driver doesn't reliably work when power cycling,
-		// or when the driver was powering on with its own power supply (not USB-C).
-		// The driver would not find the device and init would fail.
 		touch {
-			compatible = "focaltech,ft5x06";
+			compatible = "focaltech,ft6x36";
 			reg = <0x38>;
 			x-max = <320>;
 			y-max = <240>;
@@ -111,6 +96,8 @@
 		};
 	};
 
+	// NS4168: Speaker and microphone
+	// TODO: Init microphone via I2C: https://github.com/m5stack/M5Unified/blob/a6256725481f1bc366655fa48cf03b6095e30ad1/src/M5Unified.cpp#L391C19-L391C44
 	i2s0 {
 		compatible = "espressif,esp32-i2s";
 		port = <I2S_NUM_0>;
@@ -119,15 +106,4 @@
 		pin-data-out = <&gpio0 2 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
 		pin-data-in = <&gpio0 34 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
 	};
-
-	speaker0 {
-		compatible = "nsiway,ns4168";
-		i2s = <&i2s0>;
-	};
-
-	mic0 {
-		compatible = "generic,spm1423";
-		i2s = <&i2s0>;
-		channels = <1>;
-	};
 };

Devices/m5stack-core2/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,12 +1,49 @@
+#include <drivers/axp192.h>
+
+#include <tactility/check.h>
+#include <tactility/device.h>
+#include <tactility/device_listener.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
+#include <cstring>
+
 extern "C" {
 
-// AXP192 rail/GPIO1 bring-up is now devicetree-configured (see m5stack,core2.dts's axp192 node
-// and axp192-module's start()), replacing what used to be done by hand here via a
-// DEVICE_EVENT_STARTED device_listener.
-Module m5stack_core2_module = {
-    .name = "m5stack-core2"
+static void configure_axp192(Device* axp192) {
+    check(axp192_set_rail_voltage(axp192, AXP192_RAIL_LDO2, 3300) == ERROR_NONE);  // LCD + SD
+    check(axp192_set_rail_voltage(axp192, AXP192_RAIL_DCDC3, 3300) == ERROR_NONE); // LCD backlight
+
+    check(axp192_set_rail_enabled(axp192, AXP192_RAIL_LDO2, true) == ERROR_NONE);
+    check(axp192_set_rail_enabled(axp192, AXP192_RAIL_LDO3, false) == ERROR_NONE); // VIB_MOTOR stop
+    check(axp192_set_rail_enabled(axp192, AXP192_RAIL_DCDC3, true) == ERROR_NONE);
+
+    check(axp192_set_pwm1_duty_cycle(axp192, 255) == ERROR_NONE);   // PWM 255 (LED off)
+    check(axp192_set_gpio1_pwm1_output(axp192) == ERROR_NONE);      // GPIO1: PWM
+}
+
+static void on_device_event(Device* device, DeviceEvent event, void* context) {
+    (void)context;
+    if (event == DEVICE_EVENT_STARTED && strcmp(device->name, "axp192") == 0) {
+        configure_axp192(device);
+    }
+}
+
+static error_t start() {
+    device_listener_add(on_device_event, nullptr);
+    return ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
+static error_t stop() {
+    device_listener_remove(on_device_event);
+    return ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
+struct Module m5stack_core2_module = {
+    .name = "m5stack-core2",
+    .start = start,
+    .stop = stop,
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/m5stack-cores3/devicetree.yaml

@@ -1,12 +1,9 @@
 dependencies:
 - Platforms/platform-esp32
-- Drivers/audio-stream-module
-- Drivers/aw88298-module
-- Drivers/aw9523b-module
-- Drivers/axp2101-module
-- Drivers/bm8563-module
 - Drivers/bmi270-module
-- Drivers/es7210-module
+- Drivers/bm8563-module
+- Drivers/axp2101-module
+- Drivers/aw9523b-module
 - Drivers/ft5x06-module
 - Drivers/ili9341-module
 dts: m5stack,cores3.dts

Devices/m5stack-cores3/m5stack,cores3.dts

@@ -9,16 +9,15 @@
 #include <tactility/bindings/esp32_i2s.h>
 #include <tactility/bindings/esp32_spi.h>
 #include <tactility/bindings/esp32_uart.h>
-#include <tactility/bindings/gpio_hog.h>
-#include <bindings/aw88298.h>
-#include <bindings/aw9523b.h>
-#include <bindings/axp2101.h>
-#include <bindings/axp2101_backlight.h>
 #include <bindings/bmi270.h>
 #include <bindings/bm8563.h>
-#include <bindings/es7210.h>
+#include <bindings/axp2101.h>
+#include <bindings/axp2101_backlight.h>
+#include <bindings/aw9523b.h>
 #include <bindings/ft5x06.h>
 #include <bindings/ili9341.h>
+#include <tactility/bindings/esp32_sdspi.h>
+#include <tactility/bindings/gpio_hog.h>
 
 // SD card is not supported because of a hardware problem:
 // The display uses pin 35 as input (MISO), but the SPI bus (and SD card) uses the same pin as DC (output).
@@ -43,18 +42,6 @@
 		gpio-count = <49>;
 	};
 
-	i2s0 {
-		// Note: M5Unified sets the following for speaker: magnification = 2, oversampling = 1
-		// Note: M5Unified sets the following for microphone: magnification = 4
-		compatible = "espressif,esp32-i2s";
-		port = <I2S_NUM_0>;
-		pin-bclk = <&gpio0 34 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		pin-ws = <&gpio0 33 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		pin-data-out = <&gpio0 13 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		pin-data-in = <&gpio0 14 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		pin-mclk = <&gpio0 0 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-	};
-
 	i2c_internal {
 		compatible = "espressif,esp32-i2c";
 		port = <I2C_NUM_0>;
@@ -74,55 +61,18 @@
 
 		// P0_0 = touch reset, P0_1 = bus-out enable, P0_2 = AW88298 reset,
 		// P0_4 = SD card switch, P1_1 = LCD reset, P1_7 = boost enable (SY7088)
-		aw9523b {
+		aw9523b: aw9523b {
 			compatible = "awinic,aw9523b";
 			reg = <0x58>;
-
-			// Bus-out enable, AW88298 (audio amp) reset, SD card power switch and boost enable
-			// (SY7088) are AW9523B pins with no owning peripheral driver yet.
-			aw9523_bus_out_enable {
-				compatible = "gpio-hog";
-				pin = <&aw9523b 1 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-				mode = <GPIO_HOG_MODE_OUTPUT_HIGH>;
-			};
-
-			aw9523_sdcard_switch {
-				compatible = "gpio-hog";
-				pin = <&aw9523b 4 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-				mode = <GPIO_HOG_MODE_INPUT>;
-			};
-
-			aw9523_boost_enable {
-				compatible = "gpio-hog";
-				pin = <&aw9523b 15 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-				mode = <GPIO_HOG_MODE_OUTPUT_HIGH>;
-			};
-		};
-
-		aw88298 {
-			compatible = "awinic,aw88298";
-			reg = <0x36>;
-			i2s = <&i2s0>;
-			pin-reset = <&aw9523b 2 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
 		};
 
 		axp2101: axp2101 {
 			compatible = "x-powers,axp2101";
 			reg = <0x34>;
-			aldo1-millivolt = <1800>;
-			aldo1-enabled;
-			aldo2-millivolt = <3300>;
-			aldo2-enabled;
-			aldo3-millivolt = <3300>;
-			aldo3-enabled;
-			aldo4-millivolt = <3300>;
-			aldo4-enabled;
-			bldo1-enabled;
-			bldo2-enabled;
 
 			// LCD backlight (DLDO1). Raw register codes [20,28] map to [2500,3300]mV;
 			// below 2500mV the backlight was considered "too dark" to be useful.
-			display_backlight {
+			backlight {
 				compatible = "axp2101-backlight";
 				ldo = <AXP2101_DLDO1>;
 				min-millivolt = <2500>;
@@ -137,21 +87,32 @@
 			y-max = <240>;
 			pin-reset = <&aw9523b 0 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
 		};
+	};
 
-		es7210 {
-			compatible = "everest,es7210";
-			reg = <0x40>;
-			i2s = <&i2s0>;
-			// Only MIC1/MIC2 are wired to real capsules (see schematic); MIC3/MIC4
-			// slots carry AEC_P/AEC_N reference signal, not microphone audio.
-			mic-mask = <3>;
-			// M5Unified applies a 4x post-gain "magnification" for this exact mic
-			// wiring (see M5Unified.cpp _mic_data_cb_cores3): the ES7210's own
-			// hardware ADC gain (already near-max via the default 90% input volume
-			// setting, ~34dB of its 0-37.5dB range) still isn't enough for these
-			// capsules on their own.
-			input-gain-percent = <400>;
-		};
+	// Bus-out enable, AW88298 (audio amp) reset, SD card power switch and boost enable
+	// (SY7088) are AW9523B pins with no owning peripheral driver yet.
+	aw9523_bus_out_enable {
+		compatible = "gpio-hog";
+		pin = <&aw9523b 1 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
+		mode = <GPIO_HOG_MODE_OUTPUT_HIGH>;
+	};
+
+	aw9523_aw88298_reset {
+		compatible = "gpio-hog";
+		pin = <&aw9523b 2 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
+		mode = <GPIO_HOG_MODE_OUTPUT_HIGH>;
+	};
+
+	aw9523_sdcard_switch {
+		compatible = "gpio-hog";
+		pin = <&aw9523b 4 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
+		mode = <GPIO_HOG_MODE_OUTPUT_HIGH>;
+	};
+
+	aw9523_boost_enable {
+		compatible = "gpio-hog";
+		pin = <&aw9523b 15 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
+		mode = <GPIO_HOG_MODE_OUTPUT_HIGH>;
 	};
 
 	port_a: grove0 {
@@ -202,7 +163,20 @@
 			pixel-clock-hz = <40000000>;
 			pin-dc = <&gpio0 35 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
 			pin-reset = <&aw9523b 9 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-			backlight = <&display_backlight>;
 		};
 	};
+
+	// TODO: Enable speaker via ES7210 I2C: https://github.com/m5stack/M5Unified/blob/a6256725481f1bc366655fa48cf03b6095e30ad1/src/M5Unified.cpp#L417
+	// TODO: Enable microphone via ES7210 I2C: https://github.com/m5stack/M5Unified/blob/a6256725481f1bc366655fa48cf03b6095e30ad1/src/M5Unified.cpp#L616
+	i2s0 {
+		// Note: M5Unified sets the following for speaker: magnification = 2, oversampling = 1
+		// Note: M5Unified sets the following for microphone: magnification = 4
+		compatible = "espressif,esp32-i2s";
+		port = <I2S_NUM_0>;
+		pin-bclk = <&gpio0 34 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
+		pin-ws = <&gpio0 33 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
+		pin-data-out = <&gpio0 13 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
+		pin-data-in = <&gpio0 14 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
+		pin-mclk = <&gpio0 0 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
+	};
 };

Devices/m5stack-cores3/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,55 @@
+#include <drivers/axp2101.h>
+
+#include <tactility/check.h>
+#include <tactility/device.h>
+#include <tactility/device_listener.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
+#include <cstring>
+
 extern "C" {
 
-Module m5stack_cores3_module = {
-    .name = "m5stack-cores3"
+// M5Stack CoreS3 AXP2101 rail setup, ported from the board's old deprecated-HAL
+// initPowerControl() (source: M5Unified's Power_Class.cpp). ALDO1 powers the AW88298 audio
+// amp, ALDO2 the ES7210 microphone ADC, ALDO3 the GC0308 camera, ALDO4 the TF/SD card slot.
+// DLDO1 (LCD backlight) is left to the axp2101-backlight child device.
+static void configure_axp2101(Device* axp2101) {
+    check(axp2101_set_ldo_voltage(axp2101, AXP2101_ALDO1, 1800) == ERROR_NONE);
+    check(axp2101_set_ldo_voltage(axp2101, AXP2101_ALDO2, 3300) == ERROR_NONE);
+    check(axp2101_set_ldo_voltage(axp2101, AXP2101_ALDO3, 3300) == ERROR_NONE);
+    check(axp2101_set_ldo_voltage(axp2101, AXP2101_ALDO4, 3300) == ERROR_NONE);
+
+    check(axp2101_set_ldo_enabled(axp2101, AXP2101_ALDO1, true) == ERROR_NONE);
+    check(axp2101_set_ldo_enabled(axp2101, AXP2101_ALDO2, true) == ERROR_NONE);
+    check(axp2101_set_ldo_enabled(axp2101, AXP2101_ALDO3, true) == ERROR_NONE);
+    check(axp2101_set_ldo_enabled(axp2101, AXP2101_ALDO4, true) == ERROR_NONE);
+    check(axp2101_set_ldo_enabled(axp2101, AXP2101_BLDO1, true) == ERROR_NONE);
+    check(axp2101_set_ldo_enabled(axp2101, AXP2101_BLDO2, true) == ERROR_NONE);
+}
+
+static void on_device_event(Device* device, DeviceEvent event, void* context) {
+    (void)context;
+    if (event == DEVICE_EVENT_STARTED && strcmp(device->name, "axp2101") == 0) {
+        configure_axp2101(device);
+    }
+}
+
+static error_t start() {
+    device_listener_add(on_device_event, nullptr);
+    return ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
+static error_t stop() {
+    device_listener_remove(on_device_event);
+    return ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
+struct Module m5stack_cores3_module = {
+    .name = "m5stack-cores3",
+    .start = start,
+    .stop = stop,
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/m5stack-papers3/source/drivers/papers3_power.cpp

@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 #include "papers3_power.h"
 
-
 #include <tactility/check.h>
 #include <tactility/driver.h>
-#include <tactility/drivers/gpio.h>
 #include <tactility/drivers/gpio_controller.h>
 #include <tactility/drivers/power_supply.h>
 #include <tactility/drivers/pwm.h>
@@ -15,7 +13,7 @@
 
 #include <new>
 
-constexpr auto* TAG = "Papers3Power";
+#define TAG "Papers3Power"
 #define GET_CONFIG(device) (static_cast<const Papers3PowerConfig*>((device)->config))
 
 // Power-off signal timing, ported from the old deprecated-HAL PaperS3Power::powerOff().
@@ -194,8 +192,17 @@ static void destroy_power_supply_child(Device* child) {
 // region Driver lifecycle
 
 static error_t acquire_input(const GpioPinSpec& pin, GpioDescriptor** out_descriptor) {
-    *out_descriptor = gpio_descriptor_acquire(pin.gpio_controller, pin.pin, pin.flags | GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_INPUT, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
-    return (*out_descriptor != nullptr) ? ERROR_NONE : ERROR_RESOURCE;
+    auto* descriptor = gpio_descriptor_acquire(pin.gpio_controller, pin.pin, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
+    if (descriptor == nullptr) {
+        return ERROR_RESOURCE;
+    }
+    error_t error = gpio_descriptor_set_flags(descriptor, pin.flags | GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_INPUT);
+    if (error != ERROR_NONE) {
+        gpio_descriptor_release(descriptor);
+        return error;
+    }
+    *out_descriptor = descriptor;
+    return ERROR_NONE;
 }
 
 static error_t start(Device* device) {
@@ -219,8 +226,13 @@ static error_t start(Device* device) {
         return ERROR_RESOURCE;
     }
 
-    internal->power_off_descriptor = gpio_descriptor_acquire(config->pin_power_off.gpio_controller, config->pin_power_off.pin, config->pin_power_off.flags | GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_OUTPUT, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
-    if (internal->power_off_descriptor == nullptr) {
+    internal->power_off_descriptor = gpio_descriptor_acquire(config->pin_power_off.gpio_controller, config->pin_power_off.pin, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
+    if (internal->power_off_descriptor == nullptr ||
+        gpio_descriptor_set_flags(internal->power_off_descriptor, config->pin_power_off.flags | GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_OUTPUT) != ERROR_NONE) {
+        LOG_E(TAG, "Failed to configure power-off pin");
+        if (internal->power_off_descriptor != nullptr) {
+            gpio_descriptor_release(internal->power_off_descriptor);
+        }
         gpio_descriptor_release(internal->usb_detect_descriptor);
         gpio_descriptor_release(internal->charge_status_descriptor);
         delete internal;

Devices/m5stack-papers3/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
+#include <tactility/check.h>
 #include <tactility/driver.h>
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
@@ -7,16 +9,26 @@ extern Driver papers3_power_driver;
 extern Driver papers3_power_supply_driver;
 extern Driver papers3_display_driver;
 
-static Driver* const papers3_drivers[] = {
-    &papers3_display_driver,
-    &papers3_power_driver,
-    &papers3_power_supply_driver,
-    nullptr
-};
+static error_t start() {
+    check(driver_construct_add(&papers3_power_supply_driver) == ERROR_NONE);
+    check(driver_construct_add(&papers3_power_driver) == ERROR_NONE);
+    check(driver_construct_add(&papers3_display_driver) == ERROR_NONE);
+    return ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
+static error_t stop() {
+    check(driver_remove_destruct(&papers3_display_driver) == ERROR_NONE);
+    check(driver_remove_destruct(&papers3_power_driver) == ERROR_NONE);
+    check(driver_remove_destruct(&papers3_power_supply_driver) == ERROR_NONE);
+    return ERROR_NONE;
+}
 
 Module m5stack_papers3_module = {
     .name = "m5stack-papers3",
-    .drivers = papers3_drivers
+    .start = start,
+    .stop = stop,
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/m5stack-stackchan/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-file(GLOB_RECURSE SOURCE_FILES source/*.c*)
+file(GLOB_RECURSE SOURCE_FILES Source/*.c*)
 
 idf_component_register(
     SRCS ${SOURCE_FILES}
-    INCLUDE_DIRS "source"
-    REQUIRES TactilityKernel py32ioexpander-module
+    INCLUDE_DIRS "Source"
+    REQUIRES Tactility esp_lvgl_port ILI934x FT6x36 AXP2101 driver vfs fatfs ina226-module py32ioexpander-module
 )

Devices/m5stack-stackchan/Source/Configuration.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+#include "devices/Display.h"
+#include "devices/Power.h"
+
+#include <tactility/device.h>
+#include <tactility/drivers/gpio_controller.h>
+#include <tactility/drivers/i2c_controller.h>
+#include <tactility/log.h>
+#include <drivers/py32ioexpander.h>
+#include <freertos/FreeRTOS.h>
+#include <freertos/task.h>
+
+#include <Tactility/hal/Configuration.h>
+#include <Axp2101Power.h>
+#include <Axp2101.h>
+
+using namespace tt::hal;
+
+static const auto* TAG = "StackChan";
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// I2C addresses
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static constexpr uint8_t AXP2101_ADDR = 0x34;
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// AW9523B GPIO expander pin map — same wiring as CoreS3.
+// AW88298 reset (P0_2) is driven directly by the aw88298-module driver itself
+// (see m5stack,stackchan.dts pin-reset property), not from here.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+constexpr auto AW9523B_PIN_TOUCH_RESET = 0;       // P0_0
+constexpr auto AW9523B_PIN_BUS_OUT_ENABLE = 1;    // P0_1
+constexpr auto AW9523B_PIN_SD_CARD_SWITCH = 4;    // P0_4
+constexpr auto AW9523B_PIN_LCD_RESET = 8 + 1;     // P1_1
+constexpr auto AW9523B_PIN_BOOST_ENABLE = 8 + 7;  // P1_7 (SY7088)
+
+static bool initGpioExpander(::Device* aw9523b) {
+    struct PinInit { uint8_t pin; bool level; };
+    static constexpr PinInit pins[] = {
+        { AW9523B_PIN_TOUCH_RESET, true },
+        { AW9523B_PIN_BUS_OUT_ENABLE, true },
+        { AW9523B_PIN_SD_CARD_SWITCH, true },
+        { AW9523B_PIN_LCD_RESET, true },
+        { AW9523B_PIN_BOOST_ENABLE, true },
+    };
+
+    for (const auto& pinInit : pins) {
+        auto* descriptor = gpio_descriptor_acquire(aw9523b, pinInit.pin, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
+        if (descriptor == nullptr) {
+            LOG_E(TAG, "AW9523B: Failed to acquire pin %u", pinInit.pin);
+            return false;
+        }
+        error_t error = gpio_descriptor_set_flags(descriptor, GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_OUTPUT);
+        if (error == ERROR_NONE) {
+            error = gpio_descriptor_set_level(descriptor, pinInit.level);
+        }
+        gpio_descriptor_release(descriptor);
+        if (error != ERROR_NONE) {
+            LOG_E(TAG, "AW9523B: Failed to configure pin %u", pinInit.pin);
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// AXP2101 power management — same voltage rails as CoreS3
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static bool initPowerControl(::Device* i2c) {
+    // Source: https://github.com/m5stack/M5Unified/blob/b8cfec7fed046242da7f7b8024a4e92004a51ff7/src/utility/Power_Class.cpp#L64
+    static constexpr uint8_t reg_data[] = {
+        0x90U, 0xBFU,       // LDOS ON/OFF control 0 (backlight)
+        0x92U, 18U - 5U,    // ALDO1 = 1.8V (AW88298)
+        0x93U, 33U - 5U,    // ALDO2 = 3.3V (ES7210)
+        0x94U, 33U - 5U,    // ALDO3 = 3.3V (camera)
+        0x95U, 33U - 5U,    // ALDO4 = 3.3V (TF card)
+        0x27U, 0x00U,       // PowerKey Hold=1sec / PowerOff=4sec
+        0x69U, 0x11U,       // CHGLED setting
+        0x10U, 0x30U,       // PMU common config
+        0x30U, 0x0FU,       // ADC enabled
+    };
+
+    if (i2c_controller_write_register_array(i2c, AXP2101_ADDR, reg_data, sizeof(reg_data), pdMS_TO_TICKS(1000)) != ERROR_NONE) {
+        LOG_E(TAG, "AXP2101: Failed to set registers");
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// initBoot — called after devicetree devices are constructed/started
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static std::shared_ptr<Axp2101> axp2101;
+
+bool initBoot() {
+    auto* i2c = device_find_by_name("i2c_internal");
+    if (i2c == nullptr) {
+        LOG_E(TAG, "i2c_internal not found");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Boost enable via AXP2101 before GPIO expander init (same as CoreS3)
+    if (!initPowerControl(i2c)) {
+        LOG_E(TAG, "AXP2101 init failed");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    auto* aw9523b = device_find_by_name("aw9523b");
+    if (aw9523b == nullptr) {
+        LOG_E(TAG, "aw9523b not found");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (!initGpioExpander(aw9523b)) {
+        LOG_E(TAG, "AW9523B init failed");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Boot LED pattern — confirms PY32IOExpander is working.
+    // PY32 pin 0 = servo VM_EN (output), pin 13 = WS2812C data line.
+    auto* py32 = device_find_by_name("py32");
+    if (py32 != nullptr) {
+        static constexpr uint8_t LED_COUNT = 12;
+        static constexpr uint8_t COLORS[][3] = {
+            { 255,   0,   0 }, // red
+            {   0, 255,   0 }, // green
+            {   0,   0, 255 }, // blue
+        };
+        py32_led_set_count(py32, LED_COUNT);
+        for (auto& c : COLORS) {
+            for (uint8_t i = 0; i < LED_COUNT; i++) {
+                py32_led_set_color(py32, i, c[0], c[1], c[2]);
+            }
+            py32_led_refresh(py32);
+            vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(150));
+        }
+        py32_led_disable(py32);
+    } else {
+        LOG_W(TAG, "py32 not found — LED boot pattern skipped");
+    }
+
+    // Keep Axp2101 C++ wrapper alive for Axp2101Power (backlight + battery)
+    axp2101 = std::make_shared<Axp2101>(i2c);
+    return true;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Device list
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static DeviceVector createDevices() {
+    return {
+        axp2101,
+        std::make_shared<Axp2101Power>(axp2101),
+        createPower(),
+        createDisplay(),
+    };
+}
+
+extern const Configuration hardwareConfiguration = {
+    .initBoot = initBoot,
+    .createDevices = createDevices
+};

Devices/m5stack-stackchan/Source/devices/Display.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#include "Display.h"
+
+#include <Axp2101.h>
+#include <Ft6x36Touch.h>
+#include <Ili934xDisplay.h>
+
+#include <tactility/check.h>
+#include <tactility/log.h>
+
+constexpr auto* TAG = "StackChanDisplay";
+
+static void setBacklightDuty(uint8_t backlightDuty) {
+    const uint8_t voltage = 20 + ((8 * backlightDuty) / 255); // [0b00000, 0b11100]
+    auto controller = device_find_by_name("i2c_internal");
+    check(controller);
+    if (i2c_controller_write_register(controller, AXP2101_ADDRESS, 0x99, &voltage, 1, 1000) != ERROR_NONE) { // Sets DLD01
+        LOG_E(TAG, "Failed to set display backlight voltage");
+    }
+}
+
+static std::shared_ptr<tt::hal::touch::TouchDevice> createTouch() {
+    auto configuration = std::make_unique<Ft6x36Touch::Configuration>(
+        I2C_NUM_0,
+        319,//LCD_HORIZONTAL_RESOLUTION,
+        239,//LCD_VERTICAL_RESOLUTION,
+        false,
+        false,
+        false
+    );
+
+    return std::make_shared<Ft6x36Touch>(std::move(configuration));
+}
+
+std::shared_ptr<tt::hal::display::DisplayDevice> createDisplay() {
+    Ili934xDisplay::Configuration panel_configuration = {
+        .horizontalResolution = LCD_HORIZONTAL_RESOLUTION,
+        .verticalResolution = LCD_VERTICAL_RESOLUTION,
+        .gapX = 0,
+        .gapY = 0,
+        .swapXY = false,
+        .mirrorX = false,
+        .mirrorY = false,
+        .invertColor = true,
+        .swapBytes = true,
+        .bufferSize = LCD_BUFFER_SIZE,
+        .touch = createTouch(),
+        .backlightDutyFunction = ::setBacklightDuty,
+        .resetPin = GPIO_NUM_NC,
+        .rgbElementOrder = LCD_RGB_ELEMENT_ORDER_BGR
+    };
+
+    auto spi_configuration = std::make_shared<Ili934xDisplay::SpiConfiguration>(Ili934xDisplay::SpiConfiguration {
+        .spiHostDevice = LCD_SPI_HOST,
+        .csPin = LCD_PIN_CS,
+        .dcPin = LCD_PIN_DC,
+        .pixelClockFrequency = 40'000'000,
+        .transactionQueueDepth = 10
+    });
+
+    return std::make_shared<Ili934xDisplay>(panel_configuration, spi_configuration, true);
+}

Devices/m5stack-stackchan/Source/devices/Display.h

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <Tactility/hal/display/DisplayDevice.h>
+#include <driver/gpio.h>
+#include <driver/spi_common.h>
+
+// Display
+constexpr auto LCD_SPI_HOST = SPI2_HOST;
+constexpr auto LCD_PIN_CS = GPIO_NUM_3;
+constexpr auto LCD_PIN_DC = GPIO_NUM_35;
+constexpr auto LCD_HORIZONTAL_RESOLUTION = 320;
+constexpr auto LCD_VERTICAL_RESOLUTION = 240;
+constexpr auto LCD_BUFFER_HEIGHT = LCD_VERTICAL_RESOLUTION / 10;
+constexpr auto LCD_BUFFER_SIZE = LCD_HORIZONTAL_RESOLUTION * LCD_BUFFER_HEIGHT;
+constexpr auto LCD_SPI_TRANSFER_SIZE_LIMIT = LCD_BUFFER_SIZE * LV_COLOR_DEPTH / 8;
+
+std::shared_ptr<tt::hal::display::DisplayDevice> createDisplay();

Devices/m5stack-stackchan/Source/devices/Power.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+#include "Power.h"
+
+#include <Tactility/hal/power/PowerDevice.h>
+#include <drivers/ina226.h>
+#include <tactility/device.h>
+#include <tactility/log.h>
+
+using namespace tt::hal::power;
+
+static constexpr auto* TAG = "StackChanPower";
+
+// 1S Li-ion cell (550 mAh): 3.2V (empty) – 4.2V (full)
+static constexpr float MIN_BATTERY_VOLTAGE_MV = 3200.0f;
+static constexpr float MAX_BATTERY_VOLTAGE_MV = 4200.0f;
+
+class StackChanPower final : public PowerDevice {
+public:
+    explicit StackChanPower(::Device* ina226Device) : ina226(ina226Device) {}
+
+    std::string getName() const override { return "M5Stack StackChan Power"; }
+    std::string getDescription() const override { return "Battery monitoring via INA226 over I2C"; }
+
+    bool supportsMetric(MetricType type) const override {
+        switch (type) {
+            using enum MetricType;
+            case BatteryVoltage:
+            case ChargeLevel:
+            case Current:
+                return ina226 != nullptr;
+            default:
+                return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    bool getMetric(MetricType type, MetricData& data) override {
+        switch (type) {
+            using enum MetricType;
+
+            case BatteryVoltage: {
+                if (ina226 == nullptr) return false;
+                float volts = 0.0f;
+                if (ina226_read_bus_voltage(ina226, &volts) != ERROR_NONE) return false;
+                data.valueAsUint32 = static_cast<uint32_t>(volts * 1000.0f);
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            case ChargeLevel: {
+                if (ina226 == nullptr) return false;
+                float volts = 0.0f;
+                if (ina226_read_bus_voltage(ina226, &volts) != ERROR_NONE) return false;
+                float voltage_mv = volts * 1000.0f;
+                if (voltage_mv >= MAX_BATTERY_VOLTAGE_MV) {
+                    data.valueAsUint8 = 100;
+                } else if (voltage_mv <= MIN_BATTERY_VOLTAGE_MV) {
+                    data.valueAsUint8 = 0;
+                } else {
+                    float factor = (voltage_mv - MIN_BATTERY_VOLTAGE_MV) / (MAX_BATTERY_VOLTAGE_MV - MIN_BATTERY_VOLTAGE_MV);
+                    data.valueAsUint8 = static_cast<uint8_t>(factor * 100.0f);
+                }
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            case Current: {
+                if (ina226 == nullptr) return false;
+                float amps = 0.0f;
+                if (ina226_read_shunt_current(ina226, &amps) != ERROR_NONE) return false;
+                data.valueAsInt32 = static_cast<int32_t>(amps * 1000.0f);
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            default:
+                return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+private:
+    ::Device* ina226;
+};
+
+std::shared_ptr<PowerDevice> createPower() {
+    auto* ina226 = device_find_by_name("ina226");
+    if (ina226 == nullptr) {
+        LOG_E(TAG, "ina226 device not found");
+    }
+    return std::make_shared<StackChanPower>(ina226);
+}

Devices/m5stack-stackchan/Source/devices/Power.h

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <Tactility/hal/power/PowerDevice.h>
+
+std::shared_ptr<tt::hal::power::PowerDevice> createPower();

Devices/m5stack-stackchan/Source/module.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
+#include <tactility/module.h>
+
+extern "C" {
+
+Module m5stack_stackchan_module = {
+    .name = "m5stack-stackchan",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
+};
+
+}

Devices/m5stack-stackchan/device.properties

@@ -12,8 +12,6 @@ hardware.tinyUsb=true
 hardware.esptoolFlashFreq=120M
 hardware.bluetooth=true
 
-dependencies.useDeprecatedHal=false
-
 storage.userDataLocation=SD
 
 display.size=2"

Devices/m5stack-stackchan/devicetree.yaml

@@ -1,14 +1,11 @@
 dependencies:
   - Platforms/platform-esp32
-  - Drivers/audio-stream-module
-  - Drivers/aw88298-module
-  - Drivers/aw9523b-module
-  - Drivers/axp2101-module
-  - Drivers/bm8563-module
   - Drivers/bmi270-module
-  - Drivers/es7210-module
-  - Drivers/ft6x36-module
-  - Drivers/ili9341-module
+  - Drivers/bm8563-module
   - Drivers/ina226-module
   - Drivers/py32ioexpander-module
+  - Drivers/aw9523b-module
+  - Drivers/aw88298-module
+  - Drivers/es7210-module
+  - Drivers/audio-stream-module
 dts: m5stack,stackchan.dts

Devices/m5stack-stackchan/m5stack,stackchan.dts

@@ -7,21 +7,17 @@
 #include <tactility/bindings/esp32_grove.h>
 #include <tactility/bindings/esp32_i2c.h>
 #include <tactility/bindings/esp32_i2s.h>
-#include <tactility/bindings/esp32_sdspi.h>
 #include <tactility/bindings/esp32_spi.h>
 #include <tactility/bindings/esp32_uart.h>
-#include <tactility/bindings/gpio_hog.h>
-#include <bindings/aw88298.h>
-#include <bindings/aw9523b.h>
-#include <bindings/axp2101.h>
-#include <bindings/axp2101_backlight.h>
-#include <bindings/bm8563.h>
 #include <bindings/bmi270.h>
-#include <bindings/es7210.h>
-#include <bindings/ft6x36.h>
-#include <bindings/ili9341.h>
+#include <bindings/bm8563.h>
 #include <bindings/ina226.h>
 #include <bindings/py32ioexpander.h>
+#include <bindings/aw9523b.h>
+#include <bindings/aw88298.h>
+#include <bindings/es7210.h>
+#include <tactility/bindings/esp32_sdspi.h>
+#include <tactility/bindings/display_placeholder.h>
 
 // Reference: https://docs.m5stack.com/en/StackChan
 / {
@@ -44,7 +40,7 @@
 	};
 
 	// AW88298 speaker + ES7210 microphone
-	i2s0 {
+	i2s0: i2s0 {
 		compatible = "espressif,esp32-i2s";
 		port = <I2S_NUM_0>;
 		pin-bclk     = <&gpio0 34 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
@@ -81,34 +77,14 @@
 			compatible = "ti,ina226";
 			reg = <0x41>;
 			shunt-milliohms = <10>;
-			power-supply;
 		};
 
+		// AW9523B pin map (same wiring as CoreS3):
 		// P0_0 = touch reset, P0_1 = bus-out enable, P0_2 = AW88298 reset,
 		// P0_4 = SD card switch, P1_1 = LCD reset, P1_7 = boost enable (SY7088)
-		aw9523b {
+		aw9523b: aw9523b {
 			compatible = "awinic,aw9523b";
 			reg = <0x58>;
-
-			// Bus-out enable, AW88298 (audio amp) reset, SD card power switch and boost enable
-			// (SY7088) are AW9523B pins with no owning peripheral driver yet.
-			aw9523_bus_out_enable {
-				compatible = "gpio-hog";
-				pin = <&aw9523b 1 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-				mode = <GPIO_HOG_MODE_OUTPUT_HIGH>;
-			};
-
-			aw9523_sdcard_switch {
-				compatible = "gpio-hog";
-				pin = <&aw9523b 4 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-				mode = <GPIO_HOG_MODE_INPUT>;
-			};
-
-			aw9523_boost_enable {
-				compatible = "gpio-hog";
-				pin = <&aw9523b 15 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-				mode = <GPIO_HOG_MODE_OUTPUT_HIGH>;
-			};
 		};
 
 		aw88298 {
@@ -118,39 +94,6 @@
 			pin-reset = <&aw9523b 2 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
 		};
 
-		// Same rail assignment as CoreS3: ALDO1=AW88298, ALDO2=ES7210, ALDO3=camera
-		// (not yet implemented, but harmless to power), ALDO4=TF/SD card. BLDO1/BLDO2 are
-		// enabled with no specific voltage requirement.
-		axp2101 {
-			compatible = "x-powers,axp2101";
-			reg = <0x34>;
-			aldo1-millivolt = <1800>;
-			aldo1-enabled;
-			aldo2-millivolt = <3300>;
-			aldo2-enabled;
-			aldo3-millivolt = <3300>;
-			aldo3-enabled;
-			aldo4-millivolt = <3300>;
-			aldo4-enabled;
-			bldo1-enabled;
-			bldo2-enabled;
-
-			display_backlight {
-				compatible = "axp2101-backlight";
-				ldo = <AXP2101_DLDO1>;
-				min-millivolt = <2500>;
-				max-millivolt = <3300>;
-			};
-		};
-
-		touch {
-			compatible = "focaltech,ft6x36";
-			reg = <0x38>;
-			x-max = <319>;
-			y-max = <239>;
-			pin-reset = <&aw9523b 0 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-		};
-
 		es7210 {
 			compatible = "everest,es7210";
 			reg = <0x40>;
@@ -166,6 +109,9 @@
 			input-gain-percent = <400>;
 		};
 
+		// AXP2101 PMIC @ 0x34 — initialized manually in initBoot()
+		// FT6336U capacitive touch @ 0x38 — used by Display driver (FT6x36 library)
+
 		// TODO: Si12T 3-zone head touch @ 0x68 — INT active-low, 10kΩ pull-up to 3.3V; driver not yet implemented
 		// TODO: GC0308 camera @ 0x21 — requires i2c_master driver, not yet available
 		// TODO: LTR-553ALS-WA proximity/light @ 0x23 — no driver yet
@@ -221,15 +167,7 @@
 		pin-sclk = <&gpio0 36 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
 
 		display@0 {
-			compatible = "ilitek,ili9341";
-			horizontal-resolution = <320>;
-			vertical-resolution = <240>;
-			invert-color;
-			bgr-order;
-			pixel-clock-hz = <40000000>;
-			pin-dc = <&gpio0 35 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-			pin-reset = <&aw9523b 9 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
-			backlight = <&display_backlight>;
+			compatible = "display-placeholder";
 		};
 
 		sdcard@1 {

Devices/m5stack-stackchan/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
-#include <drivers/py32ioexpander.h>
-
-#include <tactility/check.h>
-#include <tactility/device.h>
-#include <tactility/device_listener.h>
-#include <tactility/module.h>
-
-#include <cstring>
-
-#include <freertos/FreeRTOS.h>
-#include <freertos/task.h>
-
-extern "C" {
-
-// Boot LED pattern (red/green/blue sweep across the 12-LED WS2812C ring).
-// Confirms the PY32L020 body IO expander is working.
-static void run_led_boot_pattern(Device* py32) {
-    static constexpr uint8_t LED_COUNT = 12;
-    static constexpr uint8_t COLORS[][3] = {
-        { 255,   0,   0 }, // red
-        {   0, 255,   0 }, // green
-        {   0,   0, 255 }, // blue
-    };
-
-    py32_led_set_count(py32, LED_COUNT);
-    for (const auto& color : COLORS) {
-        for (uint8_t i = 0; i < LED_COUNT; i++) {
-            py32_led_set_color(py32, i, color[0], color[1], color[2]);
-        }
-        py32_led_refresh(py32);
-        vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(150));
-    }
-    py32_led_disable(py32);
-}
-
-static void on_device_event(Device* device, DeviceEvent event, void* context) {
-    (void)context;
-    if (event != DEVICE_EVENT_STARTED) {
-        return;
-    }
-    if (strcmp(device->name, "py32") == 0) {
-        run_led_boot_pattern(device);
-    }
-}
-
-static error_t start() {
-    device_listener_add(on_device_event, nullptr);
-    return ERROR_NONE;
-}
-
-static error_t stop() {
-    device_listener_remove(on_device_event);
-    return ERROR_NONE;
-}
-
-Module m5stack_stackchan_module = {
-    .name = "m5stack-stackchan",
-    .start = start,
-    .stop = stop
-};
-
-}

Devices/m5stack-stickc-plus2/source/module.cpp

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ constexpr auto* TAG = "StickCPlus2";
 
 extern "C" {
 
-static error_t init_power() {
+static bool init_power() {
     // CH552 applies 4 V to GPIO 0, which reduces Wi-Fi sensitivity.
     // Setting output to high adds a bias of 3.3 V and suppresses over-voltage:
     gpio_set_direction(GPIO_NUM_0, GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT);
@@ -17,12 +17,25 @@ static error_t init_power() {
     gpio_set_direction(GPIO_NUM_4, GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT);
     gpio_set_level(GPIO_NUM_4, 1);
 
+    return true;
+}
+
+static error_t start() {
+    init_power();
+    return ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
+static error_t stop() {
+    // Empty for now
     return ERROR_NONE;
 }
 
 Module m5stack_stickc_plus2_module = {
     .name = "m5stack-stickc-plus2",
-    .start = init_power
+    .start = start,
+    .stop = stop,
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/m5stack-sticks3/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module m5stack_sticks3_module = {
-    .name = "m5stack-sticks3"
+    .name = "m5stack-sticks3",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/m5stack-tab5/Source/devices/devices_v1.cpp

@@ -36,14 +36,14 @@ static void apply_gt911_int_workaround() {
         LOG_W(TAG, "display_detect: gpio0 not found, GT911 INT workaround not applied");
         return;
     }
-    auto* int_pin = gpio_descriptor_acquire(gpio0, 23, GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_INPUT | GPIO_FLAG_ACTIVE_LOW, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
+    auto* int_pin = gpio_descriptor_acquire(gpio0, 23, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
     device_put(gpio0);
     if (int_pin == nullptr) {
         LOG_W(TAG, "display_detect: failed to acquire GPIO23 for GT911 INT workaround");
         return;
     }
     gpio_descriptor_set_flags(int_pin, GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_OUTPUT | GPIO_FLAG_PULL_UP);
-    gpio_descriptor_set_level(int_pin, true);
+    gpio_descriptor_set_level(int_pin, false);
     gpio_descriptor_release(int_pin);
 }
 
@@ -67,6 +67,8 @@ static void create_gt911_touch(Device* i2c0) {
         // Reset is pulsed via io_expander0 (detect.cpp's pulse_display_reset_pins), not a direct SoC GPIO.
         .pin_reset = GPIO_PIN_SPEC_NONE,
         .pin_interrupt = GPIO_PIN_SPEC_NONE,
+        .reset_active_high = false,
+        .interrupt_active_high = false,
     };
     gt911_device.config = &gt911_config;
 
@@ -101,6 +103,7 @@ void tab5_create_devices_v1(Device* i2c0) {
         // LCD reset is pulsed via io_expander0 (detect.cpp's pulse_display_reset_pins), not a
         // direct SoC GPIO.
         .pin_reset = GPIO_PIN_SPEC_NONE,
+        .reset_active_high = false,
         .ldo_channel = 3,
         .ldo_voltage_mv = 2500,
         .dsi_bus_id = 0,
@@ -113,10 +116,10 @@ void tab5_create_devices_v1(Device* i2c0) {
         .vsync_pulse_width = 4,
         .vsync_back_porch = 20,
         .vsync_front_porch = 20,
-        .num_fbs = 2,
-        .use_dma2d = true,
+        .num_fbs = 1,
+        .use_dma2d = false,
         .disable_lp = false,
-        .allow_tearing = true, // matches old lvgl_port_display_dsi_cfg_t.avoid_tearing = 0 (disabled = don't wait)
+        .allow_tearing = true, // matches old lvgl_port_display_dsi_cfg_t.avoid_tearing = 0
         .init_sequence = display_init_bytes.data(),
         .init_sequence_length = (uint32_t)display_init_bytes.size(),
         .backlight = backlight,

Devices/m5stack-tab5/Source/devices/devices_v2.cpp

@@ -50,6 +50,8 @@ static void create_st7123_touch(Device* i2c0) {
         // Reset is pulsed via io_expander0 (detect.cpp's pulse_display_reset_pins), not a direct SoC GPIO.
         .pin_reset = GPIO_PIN_SPEC_NONE,
         .pin_interrupt = pin_interrupt,
+        .reset_active_high = false,
+        .interrupt_active_high = false,
     };
     st7123_touch_device.config = &st7123_touch_config;
 
@@ -80,6 +82,7 @@ void tab5_create_devices_v2(Device* i2c0) {
         .mirror_x = false,
         .mirror_y = false,
         .pin_reset = GPIO_PIN_SPEC_NONE,
+        .reset_active_high = false,
         .ldo_channel = 3,
         .ldo_voltage_mv = 2500,
         .dsi_bus_id = 0,
@@ -92,10 +95,10 @@ void tab5_create_devices_v2(Device* i2c0) {
         .vsync_pulse_width = 2,
         .vsync_back_porch = 8,
         .vsync_front_porch = 220,
-        .num_fbs = 2,
-        .use_dma2d = true,
+        .num_fbs = 1,
+        .use_dma2d = false,
         .disable_lp = false,
-        .allow_tearing = true, // matches old lvgl_port_display_dsi_cfg_t.avoid_tearing = 0 (disabled = don't wait)
+        .allow_tearing = true,
         .init_sequence = display_init_bytes.data(),
         .init_sequence_length = (uint32_t)display_init_bytes.size(),
         .backlight = backlight,

Devices/m5stack-tab5/Source/devices/display_detect.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "detect.h"
 
+#include "../../../../TactilityKernel/include/tactility/log.h"
 #include "devices_common.h"
 #include "devices_v1.h"
 #include "devices_v2.h"
@@ -7,7 +8,6 @@
 
 #include <tactility/device.h>
 #include <tactility/device_listener.h>
-#include <tactility/drivers/gpio.h>
 #include <tactility/drivers/gpio_controller.h>
 #include <tactility/log.h>
 
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ constexpr auto GPIO_EXP0_PIN_LCD_RESET = 4;
 constexpr auto GPIO_EXP0_PIN_TOUCH_RESET = 5;
 
 bool pulse_display_reset_pins(Device* io_expander0) {
-    auto* lcd_reset_pin = gpio_descriptor_acquire(io_expander0, GPIO_EXP0_PIN_LCD_RESET, GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_OUTPUT | GPIO_FLAG_ACTIVE_LOW, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
-    auto* touch_reset_pin = gpio_descriptor_acquire(io_expander0, GPIO_EXP0_PIN_TOUCH_RESET, GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_OUTPUT | GPIO_FLAG_ACTIVE_LOW, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
+    auto* lcd_reset_pin = gpio_descriptor_acquire(io_expander0, GPIO_EXP0_PIN_LCD_RESET, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
+    auto* touch_reset_pin = gpio_descriptor_acquire(io_expander0, GPIO_EXP0_PIN_TOUCH_RESET, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
     if (lcd_reset_pin == nullptr || touch_reset_pin == nullptr) {
         LOG_E(TAG, "display_detect: failed to acquire LCD/touch reset pins on io_expander0");
         if (lcd_reset_pin != nullptr) {
@@ -51,11 +51,11 @@ bool pulse_display_reset_pins(Device* io_expander0) {
 
     gpio_descriptor_set_flags(lcd_reset_pin, GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_OUTPUT);
     gpio_descriptor_set_flags(touch_reset_pin, GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_OUTPUT);
-    gpio_descriptor_set_level(lcd_reset_pin, true);
-    gpio_descriptor_set_level(touch_reset_pin, true);
-    vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(10));
     gpio_descriptor_set_level(lcd_reset_pin, false);
     gpio_descriptor_set_level(touch_reset_pin, false);
+    vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(10));
+    gpio_descriptor_set_level(lcd_reset_pin, true);
+    gpio_descriptor_set_level(touch_reset_pin, true);
 
     gpio_descriptor_release(lcd_reset_pin);
     gpio_descriptor_release(touch_reset_pin);

Devices/m5stack-tab5/Source/devices/tab5_headphone_detect.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #include "tab5_headphone_detect.h"
 
 #include <tactility/device.h>
-#include <tactility/drivers/gpio.h>
 #include <tactility/drivers/gpio_controller.h>
 #include <tactility/log.h>
 
@@ -36,7 +35,7 @@ static void headphone_detect_callback(TimerHandle_t /*timer*/) {
         return; // Not ready yet, will retry on next tick
     }
 
-    auto* hp_pin = gpio_descriptor_acquire(io_expander0, GPIO_EXP0_PIN_HEADPHONE_DETECT, GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_INPUT, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
+    auto* hp_pin = gpio_descriptor_acquire(io_expander0, GPIO_EXP0_PIN_HEADPHONE_DETECT, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
     if (!hp_pin) {
         LOG_W(TAG, "hp_detect: HP_DET pin busy");
         return;
@@ -54,7 +53,7 @@ static void headphone_detect_callback(TimerHandle_t /*timer*/) {
     LOG_D(TAG, "hp_detect: HP_DET=%d", (int)hp);
 
     if (!hp_detect_initialized || hp != hp_detect_last) {
-        auto* spk_pin = gpio_descriptor_acquire(io_expander0, GPIO_EXP0_PIN_SPEAKER_ENABLE, GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_OUTPUT, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
+        auto* spk_pin = gpio_descriptor_acquire(io_expander0, GPIO_EXP0_PIN_SPEAKER_ENABLE, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
         if (!spk_pin) {
             LOG_W(TAG, "hp_detect: SPK_EN pin busy, will retry");
             return;

Devices/m5stack-tab5/Source/devices/tab5_power_control.cpp

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 
 #include <tactility/device.h>
 #include <tactility/driver.h>
-#include <tactility/drivers/gpio.h>
 #include <tactility/drivers/gpio_controller.h>
 #include <tactility/drivers/power_supply.h>
 #include <tactility/log.h>
@@ -52,12 +51,15 @@ static error_t ps_set_allowed_to_charge(Device* device, bool allowed) {
     auto* internal = static_cast<Tab5PowerControlInternal*>(device_get_driver_data(device));
     auto* io_expander1 = device_get_parent(device);
 
-    auto* pin = gpio_descriptor_acquire(io_expander1, GPIO_EXP1_PIN_IP2326_CHG_EN, GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_OUTPUT, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
+    auto* pin = gpio_descriptor_acquire(io_expander1, GPIO_EXP1_PIN_IP2326_CHG_EN, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
     if (pin == nullptr) {
         LOG_W(TAG, "Failed to acquire CHG_EN pin");
         return ERROR_RESOURCE;
     }
-    auto error = gpio_descriptor_set_level(pin, allowed);
+    error_t error = gpio_descriptor_set_flags(pin, GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_OUTPUT);
+    if (error == ERROR_NONE) {
+        error = gpio_descriptor_set_level(pin, allowed);
+    }
     gpio_descriptor_release(pin);
     if (error != ERROR_NONE) {
         LOG_W(TAG, "Failed to set CHG_EN pin");
@@ -81,12 +83,15 @@ static error_t ps_set_quick_charge_enabled(Device* device, bool enabled) {
     auto* internal = static_cast<Tab5PowerControlInternal*>(device_get_driver_data(device));
     auto* io_expander1 = device_get_parent(device);
 
-    auto* pin = gpio_descriptor_acquire(io_expander1, GPIO_EXP1_PIN_IP2326_NCHG_QC_EN, GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_OUTPUT, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
+    auto* pin = gpio_descriptor_acquire(io_expander1, GPIO_EXP1_PIN_IP2326_NCHG_QC_EN, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
     if (pin == nullptr) {
         LOG_W(TAG, "Failed to acquire nCHG_QC_EN pin");
         return ERROR_RESOURCE;
     }
-    auto error = gpio_descriptor_set_level(pin, !enabled); // active-low
+    error_t error = gpio_descriptor_set_flags(pin, GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_OUTPUT);
+    if (error == ERROR_NONE) {
+        error = gpio_descriptor_set_level(pin, !enabled); // active-low
+    }
     gpio_descriptor_release(pin);
     if (error != ERROR_NONE) {
         LOG_W(TAG, "Failed to set nCHG_QC_EN pin");
@@ -103,7 +108,7 @@ static bool ps_supports_power_off(Device*) {
 
 static error_t ps_power_off(Device* device) {
     auto* io_expander1 = device_get_parent(device);
-    auto* pin = gpio_descriptor_acquire(io_expander1, GPIO_EXP1_PIN_DEVICE_POWER, GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_OUTPUT, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
+    auto* pin = gpio_descriptor_acquire(io_expander1, GPIO_EXP1_PIN_DEVICE_POWER, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
     if (pin == nullptr) {
         LOG_E(TAG, "Failed to acquire DEVICE_POWER pin");
         return ERROR_RESOURCE;
@@ -148,8 +153,9 @@ static error_t start(Device* device) {
     // as an idle-low output up front so it's in a known state (previously done by Configuration.cpp's
     // initExpander1(), now owned here - see that function's comment for why it no longer touches it).
     auto* io_expander1 = device_get_parent(device);
-    auto* device_power_pin = gpio_descriptor_acquire(io_expander1, GPIO_EXP1_PIN_DEVICE_POWER, GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_OUTPUT, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
+    auto* device_power_pin = gpio_descriptor_acquire(io_expander1, GPIO_EXP1_PIN_DEVICE_POWER, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
     if (device_power_pin != nullptr) {
+        gpio_descriptor_set_flags(device_power_pin, GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_OUTPUT);
         gpio_descriptor_set_level(device_power_pin, false);
         gpio_descriptor_release(device_power_pin);
     } else {

Devices/m5stack-tab5/Source/module.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #include <tactility/module.h>
-
 #include <tactility/check.h>
 #include <tactility/device.h>
 #include <tactility/device_listener.h>
@@ -16,7 +15,7 @@
 #include "devices/tab5_power_control.h"
 #include "devices/tab_5_camera.h"
 
-constexpr auto* TAG = "Tab5";
+#define TAG "Tab5"
 
 // PI4IOE5V6408-0 (0x43) bit 1
 constexpr auto GPIO_EXP0_PIN_SPEAKER_ENABLE = 1;
@@ -26,11 +25,14 @@ constexpr auto GPIO_EXP0_PIN_HEADPHONE_DETECT = 7;
 static void tab5_init_expander0(Device* io_expander0) {
     // Speaker and heapdhone pins are managed at runtime, so we can't have them as a hog in the dts file
     // We have to init them manually.
-    auto* speaker_enable_pin = gpio_descriptor_acquire(io_expander0, GPIO_EXP0_PIN_SPEAKER_ENABLE, GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_OUTPUT, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
+    auto* speaker_enable_pin = gpio_descriptor_acquire(io_expander0, GPIO_EXP0_PIN_SPEAKER_ENABLE, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
     check(speaker_enable_pin);
-    auto* headphone_detect_pin = gpio_descriptor_acquire(io_expander0, GPIO_EXP0_PIN_HEADPHONE_DETECT, GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_INPUT, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
+    auto* headphone_detect_pin = gpio_descriptor_acquire(io_expander0, GPIO_EXP0_PIN_HEADPHONE_DETECT, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
     check(headphone_detect_pin);
 
+    gpio_descriptor_set_flags(speaker_enable_pin, GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_OUTPUT);
+    gpio_descriptor_set_flags(headphone_detect_pin, GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_INPUT);
+
     gpio_descriptor_set_level(speaker_enable_pin, false);
 
     gpio_descriptor_release(speaker_enable_pin);
@@ -38,7 +40,7 @@ static void tab5_init_expander0(Device* io_expander0) {
 }
 
 static void tab5_enable_speaker_amp(Device* io_expander0) {
-    auto* speaker_enable_pin = gpio_descriptor_acquire(io_expander0, GPIO_EXP0_PIN_SPEAKER_ENABLE, GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_OUTPUT, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
+    auto* speaker_enable_pin = gpio_descriptor_acquire(io_expander0, GPIO_EXP0_PIN_SPEAKER_ENABLE, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
     check(speaker_enable_pin, "Failed to acquire speaker enable pin");
     error_t error = gpio_descriptor_set_level(speaker_enable_pin, true);
     gpio_descriptor_release(speaker_enable_pin);
@@ -65,31 +67,44 @@ static void on_io_expander0_started(Device* device, DeviceEvent event, void* con
 extern "C" {
 
 static error_t start() {
+
+    /* Crash when construct fails, because if a single driver fails to construct,
+     * there is no guarantee that the previously constructed drivers can be destroyed */
+    check(driver_construct_add(&tab5_keyboard_driver) == ERROR_NONE);
+    check(driver_construct_add(&tab5_power_control_driver) == ERROR_NONE);
+
     tab5_detect_start();
+
     tab5_camera_init();
+
     device_listener_add(on_io_expander0_started, nullptr);
+
     tab5_headphone_detect_start();
+
     return ERROR_NONE;
 }
 
 static error_t stop() {
     tab5_headphone_detect_stop();
+
     device_listener_remove(on_io_expander0_started);
+
     tab5_detect_stop();
+
+    /* Crash when destruct fails, because if a single driver fails to destruct,
+     * there is no guarantee that the previously destroyed drivers can be recovered */
+    check(driver_remove_destruct(&tab5_keyboard_driver) == ERROR_NONE);
+    check(driver_remove_destruct(&tab5_power_control_driver) == ERROR_NONE);
+
     return ERROR_NONE;
 }
 
-static Driver* const tab5_drivers[] = {
-    &tab5_keyboard_driver,
-    &tab5_power_control_driver,
-    nullptr
-};
-
 Module m5stack_tab5_module = {
     .name = "m5stack-tab5",
     .start = start,
     .stop = stop,
-    .drivers = tab5_drivers
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/m5stack-tab5/device.properties

@@ -46,7 +46,8 @@ sdkconfig.CONFIG_ESP_HOSTED_ENABLE_PEER_DATA_TRANSFER=y
 sdkconfig.CONFIG_ESP_HOSTED_MAX_CUSTOM_MSG_HANDLERS=8
 # Performance: larger L2 cache reduces PSRAM stalls for draw/DPI buffers
 sdkconfig.CONFIG_CACHE_L2_CACHE_256KB=y
-# Performance: cache-line-aligned draw buffers, required for PPA/DMA2D coherency (see lvgl-module's lvgl_display_alloc_buffer())
+# Performance: use P4's PPA (pixel processing accelerator for rotation)
+sdkconfig.CONFIG_LVGL_PORT_ENABLE_PPA=y
 sdkconfig.CONFIG_LV_DRAW_BUF_ALIGN=64
 sdkconfig.CONFIG_LV_DEF_REFR_PERIOD=15
 # SC202CS (SC2356) MIPI CSI camera sensor + ISP pipeline (AE/AWB/demosaicing)

Devices/unphone/source/BatteryManager.cpp

@@ -21,8 +21,10 @@ bool BatteryManager::initGpioExpander() {
         return false;
     }
 
-    expanderPowerPin = gpio_descriptor_acquire(expander, expanderpin::EXPANDER_POWER, GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_OUTPUT, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
+    expanderPowerPin = gpio_descriptor_acquire(expander, expanderpin::EXPANDER_POWER, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
     check(expanderPowerPin != nullptr);
+    gpio_descriptor_set_flags(expanderPowerPin, GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_OUTPUT);
+
     device_put(expander);
 
     return true;

Devices/unphone/source/drivers/unphone_nav_buttons.cpp

@@ -90,19 +90,21 @@ static int32_t nav_buttons_thread_main(UnphoneNavButtonsInternal* internal) {
 // region Pin acquisition
 
 static error_t acquire_button(const GpioPinSpec& pin, void (*callback)(void*), void* arg, GpioDescriptor** out_descriptor) {
+    auto* descriptor = gpio_descriptor_acquire(pin.gpio_controller, pin.pin, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
+    if (descriptor == nullptr) {
+        return ERROR_RESOURCE;
+    }
+
     // Digital pull-up; the buttons pull the pin low while pressed. Listen for the release
     // (positive edge) rather than the press - if we listen to the press, these buttons can
     // generate more than one signal when held down (mirrors the original unPhone init).
     gpio_flags_t flags = GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_INPUT | GPIO_FLAG_PULL_UP;
     flags = GPIO_FLAG_INTERRUPT_TO_OPTIONS(flags, GPIO_INTERRUPT_POS_EDGE);
 
-    auto* descriptor = gpio_descriptor_acquire(pin.gpio_controller, pin.pin, flags, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
-    if (descriptor == nullptr) {
-        return ERROR_RESOURCE;
+    error_t error = gpio_descriptor_set_flags(descriptor, flags);
+    if (error == ERROR_NONE) {
+        error = gpio_descriptor_add_callback(descriptor, callback, arg);
     }
-
-    auto error = gpio_descriptor_add_callback(descriptor, callback, arg);
-
     if (error == ERROR_NONE) {
         error = gpio_descriptor_enable_interrupt(descriptor);
     }

Devices/unphone/source/drivers/unphone_power_switch.cpp

@@ -25,12 +25,18 @@ extern Module unphone_module;
 static error_t start(Device* device) {
     const auto* config = GET_CONFIG(device);
 
-    auto* descriptor = gpio_descriptor_acquire(config->pin.gpio_controller, config->pin.pin, config->pin.flags | GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_INPUT, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
+    auto* descriptor = gpio_descriptor_acquire(config->pin.gpio_controller, config->pin.pin, GPIO_OWNER_GPIO);
     if (descriptor == nullptr) {
         LOG_E(TAG, "Failed to acquire GPIO descriptor");
         return ERROR_RESOURCE;
     }
 
+    if (gpio_descriptor_set_flags(descriptor, config->pin.flags | GPIO_FLAG_DIRECTION_INPUT) != ERROR_NONE) {
+        LOG_E(TAG, "Failed to configure power switch pin as input");
+        gpio_descriptor_release(descriptor);
+        return ERROR_RESOURCE;
+    }
+
     gpio_num_t native_pin;
     if (gpio_descriptor_get_native_pin_number(descriptor, &native_pin) != ERROR_NONE) {
         LOG_E(TAG, "Power switch pin has no native pin number");

Devices/unphone/source/module.cpp

@@ -38,26 +38,29 @@ static void on_device_event(Device* device, DeviceEvent event, void* context) {
 }
 
 static error_t start() {
+    /* We crash when construct fails, because if a single driver fails to construct,
+     * there is no guarantee that the previously constructed drivers can be destroyed */
+    check(driver_construct_add(&unphone_power_switch_driver) == ERROR_NONE);
+    check(driver_construct_add(&unphone_nav_buttons_driver) == ERROR_NONE);
     device_listener_add(on_device_event, nullptr);
     return ERROR_NONE;
 }
 
 static error_t stop() {
     device_listener_remove(&on_device_event);
+    /* We crash when destruct fails, because if a single driver fails to destruct,
+     * there is no guarantee that the previously destroyed drivers can be recovered */
+    check(driver_remove_destruct(&unphone_nav_buttons_driver) == ERROR_NONE);
+    check(driver_remove_destruct(&unphone_power_switch_driver) == ERROR_NONE);
     return ERROR_NONE;
 }
 
-static Driver* const unphone_drivers[] = {
-    &unphone_nav_buttons_driver,
-    &unphone_power_switch_driver,
-    nullptr
-};
-
-Module unphone_module = {
+struct Module unphone_module = {
     .name = "unphone",
     .start = start,
     .stop = stop,
-    .drivers = unphone_drivers
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/waveshare-esp32-s3-geek/source/module.cpp

@@ -2,8 +2,22 @@
 
 extern "C" {
 
-Module waveshare_esp32_s3_geek_module = {
-    .name = "waveshare-esp32-s3-geek"
+static error_t start() {
+    // Empty for now
+    return ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
+static error_t stop() {
+    // Empty for now
+    return ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
+struct Module waveshare_esp32_s3_geek_module = {
+    .name = "waveshare-esp32-s3-geek",
+    .start = start,
+    .stop = stop,
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/waveshare-s3-lcd-13/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module waveshare_s3_lcd_13_module = {
-    .name = "waveshare-s3-lcd-13"
+    .name = "waveshare-s3-lcd-13",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/waveshare-s3-touch-lcd-128/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module waveshare_s3_touch_lcd_128_module = {
-    .name = "waveshare-s3-touch-lcd-128"
+    .name = "waveshare-s3-touch-lcd-128",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/waveshare-s3-touch-lcd-147/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module waveshare_s3_touch_lcd_147_module = {
-    .name = "waveshare-s3-touch-lcd-147"
+    .name = "waveshare-s3-touch-lcd-147",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/waveshare-s3-touch-lcd-43/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module waveshare_s3_touch_lcd_43_module = {
-    .name = "waveshare-s3-touch-lcd-43"
+    .name = "waveshare-s3-touch-lcd-43",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Devices/waveshare-s3-touch-lcd-43/waveshare,s3-touch-lcd-43.dts

@@ -96,8 +96,9 @@
 		vsync-back-porch = <8>;
 		vsync-front-porch = <8>;
 		pclk-active-neg;
-		num-fbs = <1>;
-		bounce-buffer-size-px = <4000>;
+		num-fbs = <2>;
+		double-fb;
+		bounce-buffer-size-px = <8000>;
 		pin-hsync = <&gpio0 46 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
 		pin-vsync = <&gpio0 3 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;
 		pin-de = <&gpio0 5 GPIO_FLAG_NONE>;

Devices/wireless-tag-wt32-sc01-plus/source/module.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+#include <tactility/error.h>
 #include <tactility/module.h>
 
 extern "C" {
 
 Module wireless_tag_wt32_sc01_plus_module = {
-    .name = "wireless-tag-wt32-sc01-plus"
+    .name = "wireless-tag-wt32-sc01-plus",
+    .start = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .stop = [] -> error_t { return ERROR_NONE; },
+    .symbols = nullptr,
+    .internal = nullptr
 };
 
 }

Documentation/README.md

@@ -4,11 +4,7 @@
 
 Tactility is an operating system for the ESP32 microcontroller family. It runs on 40+ supported devices (CYD boards, LilyGO, M5Stack, Elecrow, etc.) and includes a desktop simulator. Built with C++23, ESP-IDF, LVGL, and FreeRTOS.
 
-## Building
-
-### Git
-
-The repository uses git submodules. Make sure to use `--recurse-submodules` on relevant git commands.
+## Build Commands
 
 ### Simulator (Linux/macOS, no ESP-IDF needed)
 
@@ -171,4 +167,4 @@ Pointers are expected to be non-null unless documented otherwise.
 - The `Drivers/` directory contains hardware drivers (display controllers, touch controllers, PMICs, etc.) — each is its own CMake component.
 - `Modules/` contains cross-cutting modules: `hal-device-module` (device lifecycle) and `lvgl-module` (LVGL task management).
 - `Data/system/` and `Data/data/` are flashed as FAT filesystem images on ESP32.
-- Translations are in `Translations/` as CSV files, generated via `generate.py`.
+- Translations are in `Translations/` as CSV files, generated via `generate.py`.